정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

Which is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke?

1. AMale sex
2. BHigh blood pressure
3. CFamily history of stroke
4. DOlder age

Which side effect of metformin is most common?

1. AA dry cough at night
2. BGum overgrowth and a rash
3. CNausea and diarrhoea
4. DWeight gain and oedema

코르티솔을 만드는 분비샘은?

1. A갑상선
2. B부신 피질
3. C부신 수질
4. D뇌하수체 후엽

A patient is due a rapid-acting insulin dose before lunch, but the meal trays are delayed. What should the nurse do?

1. AWait to give the insulin until the meal arrives
2. BGive the insulin now and the meal when it comes
3. COmit the dose entirely for the rest of the day
4. DGive the insulin with a glass of water instead

Why is pyridostigmine often taken about 30–60 minutes before meals by patients with myasthenia gravis?

1. ATo stop the drug from irritating an empty stomach later on
2. BTo lower the blood glucose rise after eating a meal
3. CTo reduce stomach acid so the food is digested better
4. DTo improve the strength of chewing and swallowing at mealtimes

A patient has acute low back pain with no red flags. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AWear a rigid back brace all day and night for at least three months
2. BAvoid all movement until an MRI scan has been done
3. CStay in bed for two weeks until the pain is gone
4. DStay as active as possible and use simple pain relief

Why might a frail 88-year-old with type 2 diabetes have a less strict HbA1c target?

1. ATo save money on blood tests and drugs
2. BBecause diabetes cannot damage older people
3. CBecause older people cannot use any glucose medicines
4. DTo reduce the risk of hypos, falls and confusion

A man with chronic urinary retention is catheterised. Over the next hours he passes very large volumes of urine. What is the main nursing concern?

1. ARupture of the bladder from the catheter
2. BA rise in blood glucose from the urine
3. CA urinary infection caused by the high flow of urine
4. DFluid and electrolyte loss from post-obstructive diuresis