정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

Which features suggest pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?

1. AUrine that smells slightly stronger
2. BMild burning on passing urine only
3. CPassing urine more often at night only
4. DFever, rigors and pain in the loin

What is an aura before a seizure?

1. AA warning sensation, which is itself a small focal seizure
2. BA lasting change in vision that is caused by long-term epilepsy
3. CThe confusion and sleepiness after a seizure ends
4. DA rash that appears after some antiepileptic drugs

What is spinal shock?

1. AA severe allergic reaction to spinal anaesthetic
2. BA very low blood pressure caused by blood loss after trauma
3. CA temporary loss of reflexes and tone below a spinal cord injury
4. DA permanent loss of feeling in both hands only, from nerve damage

뇌하수체 수술 후 환자가 세 시간 동안 시간당 400 mL의 소변을 보며 비중이 낮습니다. 간호사가 의심해야 하는 것은?

1. A정상적인 이뇨
2. B요붕증
3. CSIADH
4. D급성 신손상

DKA 치료 중 혈당이 약 14 mmol/L(약 250 mg/dL) 아래로 떨어졌지만 케톤은 여전히 높습니다. 보통 어떻게 합니까?

1. A수액에 포도당을 추가하고 인슐린은 계속한다
2. B인슐린 주입을 즉시 중단한다
3. C환자가 식사를 하고 정맥 치료를 중단한다
4. D수분 과다를 피하려고 모든 정맥 수액을 중단한다

소변량과 관련된 급성 신손상(KDIGO) 기준은?

1. A섭취량과 상관없이 24시간 동안 1 L 미만
2. B6시간 이상 0.5 mL/kg/h 미만
3. C소변 색깔의 어떤 변화든
4. D1시간 동안 2 mL/kg/h 미만

A patient received IV insulin and glucose for hyperkalaemia an hour ago. What must the nurse monitor over the next few hours?

1. APupils, for raised intracranial pressure
2. BSkin, for a drug rash
3. CUrine colour, for blood in the urine
4. DCapillary glucose, for hypoglycaemia

An 84-year-old man became more confused a week after starting oxybutynin. Infection has been ruled out. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ANormal ageing that needs no review
2. BA sign that the drug dose is too low
3. CAnticholinergic side effects of the drug
4. DA symptom of a high potassium from the drug