정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

뇌졸중 FAST 검사에서 A는 무엇을 뜻합니까?

1. A알레르기(Allergies): 무언가에 알레르기가 있는가?
2. B각성(Alertness): 완전히 깨어 있는가?
3. C기도(Airway): 기도가 열려 있고 깨끗한가?
4. D팔(Arms): 양팔을 들어 그 자세를 유지할 수 있는가?

두개내압이 상승한 환자에게 일반적으로 사용하는 머리 자세는?

1. A목을 곧게 하고 머리를 약 30° 올린다
2. B머리를 몸보다 낮게 한다(트렌델렌버그)
3. C목을 앞으로 구부린 채 똑바로 앉는다
4. D머리를 한쪽으로 크게 돌린 채 평평하게 눕는다

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt
2. BKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
3. CMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods
4. DWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor

When a patient sticks out their tongue, it points to the right. Which nerve is affected?

1. AThe left hypoglossal nerve (XII)
2. BThe left trigeminal nerve (V)
3. CThe right hypoglossal nerve (XII)
4. DThe right facial nerve (VII)

환자가 뇌졸중 증상과 함께 잠에서 깼습니다. 23:00에 정상 상태로 잠들었고 06:30에 깼습니다. 발병 시각으로 사용하는 시간은?

1. ACT를 시행한 시각
2. B마지막으로 정상으로 확인된 23:00
3. C증상을 처음 알아챈 06:30
4. D병원 도착 시각

Why is once-daily prednisolone usually taken in the morning with food?

1. ABecause food doubles the strength of the dose
2. BTo match the natural cortisol rhythm and protect the stomach
3. CBecause it causes drowsiness and is safer to take during the day
4. DBecause it cannot be absorbed at night

A patient's glucose is 6.2 mmol/L (112 mg/dL) at 03:00 and 12 mmol/L (216 mg/dL) before breakfast. No hypoglycaemia occurred overnight. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe Somogyi effect from a night-time hypo
2. BA large snack eaten in the night by mistake
3. CThe meter is faulty and should be replaced
4. DThe dawn phenomenon from early-morning hormones

An 89-year-old with stage 5 CKD and severe heart failure, who has capacity, decides not to start dialysis. What is the nurse's best response?

1. ATell the patient they must start dialysis by law
2. BAsk the family to change the patient's mind
3. CStop all care, because nothing more can be done
4. DRespect the decision and support symptom-focused care