정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

당뇨병성 케톤산증(DKA)과 가장 흔히 관련되는 당뇨병 유형은?

1. A식이요법만으로 치료하는 제2형 당뇨병
2. B제1형 당뇨병
3. C당뇨병 전단계
4. D요붕증

What is the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome?

1. AA tumour of the adrenal medulla
2. BA lack of ACTH from the pituitary gland
3. CLong-term use of glucocorticoid medicines
4. DAn autoimmune attack on the adrenal glands

Which HbA1c result is commonly used as the threshold for diagnosing diabetes?

1. A75 mmol/mol (9.0%) or higher
2. B38 mmol/mol (5.6%) or higher
3. C48 mmol/mol (6.5%) or higher
4. D30 mmol/mol (4.9%) or higher

Which CSF result is most typical of bacterial meningitis?

1. AClear fluid with normal cells, glucose and protein
2. BCloudy fluid, many neutrophils, low glucose and high protein
3. CClear fluid, many lymphocytes, normal glucose and slightly raised protein
4. DBlood-stained fluid that clears in later tubes

SIADH 환자의 나트륨이 126 mmol/L이고 증상이 경미합니다. 보통 1차 치료는?

1. A경구 물 추가
2. B수분 제한
3. C정맥 5% 포도당 주입
4. D데스모프레신

A patient with CKD is booked for a CT scan with iodinated contrast. Which measure helps protect the kidneys?

1. ADoubling the dose of contrast for a clearer image
2. BGiving a dose of ibuprofen before the scan
3. CRestricting all fluids for 24 hours before the scan
4. DGood hydration around the scan, often with IV fluids

A patient in thyroid storm has a temperature of 40 °C (104 °F). Which measure for the fever is usually avoided?

1. AFanning with cool air
2. BParacetamol (acetaminophen)
3. CAspirin
4. DCooling blankets

A patient with nephrotic syndrome suddenly has loin pain, blood in the urine and a rise in creatinine. What is a likely cause?

1. AToo much dietary protein
2. BA simple bladder infection
3. CRenal vein thrombosis
4. DNormal fluctuation in the disease