정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

The nurse asks a patient to shrug their shoulders against resistance. Which cranial nerve is being tested?

1. AHypoglossal nerve (XII)
2. BFacial nerve (VII)
3. CTrigeminal nerve (V)
4. DAccessory nerve (XI)

What does a complete spinal cord injury mean?

1. AThe spinal cord has been cut into two separate pieces
2. BThe patient can move but cannot feel below the injury
3. CNo movement or feeling below the injury, even in the sacral area
4. DAll vertebrae in the neck are broken

What is a goitre?

1. AAn overactive parathyroid gland
2. BA tumour of the adrenal gland
3. CA swollen lymph node in the armpit
4. DAn enlarged thyroid gland

A stroke patient speaks fluently, but the words make little sense, and they do not follow simple instructions. Which type of aphasia is this?

1. ADysarthria from facial weakness
2. BExpressive (Broca's) aphasia
3. CGlobal aphasia with no speech at all
4. DReceptive (Wernicke's) aphasia

Why is nimodipine given to patients after a subarachnoid haemorrhage?

1. ATo reduce brain injury from delayed vasospasm
2. BTo stop seizures in the first few days
3. CTo raise the blood pressure and improve perfusion
4. DTo dissolve the blood clot around the aneurysm

A patient has taken metformin for many years and now has tingling feet and a low haemoglobin. Which blood test is most relevant?

1. ASerum amylase
2. BBlood alcohol level
3. CVitamin B12 level
4. DThyroid antibodies

A patient with suspected meningitis has a GCS of 9 and pupils that have become unequal. A doctor plans an immediate lumbar puncture. What is the main concern?

1. AThe patient is too confused to stay still, so it is not needed
2. BRaised pressure in the skull, so the procedure could cause herniation
3. CA lumbar puncture would spread the infection to the blood
4. DThere is no concern, because the lumbar puncture lowers pressure safely

혈액투석 환자가 회기 사이의 수분을 제한해야 하는 이유를 묻습니다. 올바른 설명은?

1. A과도한 수분이 쌓여 혈압이 오르고 투석 중 호흡곤란과 쥐가 생기기 때문
2. B물을 마시면 투석이 혈액에서 칼륨을 너무 많이 제거하기 때문
3. C수분 제한이 주로 기계에 연결된 시간을 줄이기 위한 것이기 때문
4. D여분의 수분이 동정맥루 벽을 약하게 해 터지기 쉽게 하기 때문