정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
2. BVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt
3. CMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods
4. DWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor

두개내압 상승의 가장 이르고 민감한 징후는?

1. A양쪽의 고정되고 확장된 동공
2. B의식 수준의 변화
3. C긴 정지가 있는 불규칙한 호흡
4. D고혈압을 동반한 서맥

What happens in multiple sclerosis?

1. AA virus destroys the nerves in the arms and legs
2. BAntibodies block signals at the junction between nerve and muscle
3. CMotor nerve cells slowly die without any inflammation
4. DThe immune system damages myelin in the brain and spinal cord

A patient's fistula starts to bleed at home after the needles were removed. What should they do first?

1. AWait for the next dialysis session
2. BApply a tight tourniquet above the fistula
3. CRaise the arm and let it bleed freely
4. DPress firmly on the site with clean gauze

How does the nurse test the facial nerve (VII)?

1. AAsk the patient to stick out the tongue and move it from side to side
2. BTouch the forehead, cheek and chin with cotton wool
3. CShine a light in each eye and check the pupil response
4. DAsk them to raise the eyebrows, shut the eyes tightly and smile

Which measure best prevents catheter-associated urinary tract infection?

1. AChange the catheter for a new one every day
2. BRemove the catheter as soon as it is no longer needed
3. CDisconnect the bag regularly to empty it
4. DKeep the drainage bag above bladder level

A patient with Guillain–Barré syndrome has a blood pressure that swings between 80/50 and 190/100 mmHg and a heart rate that changes suddenly. What does this suggest?

1. AA faulty blood pressure cuff that should be replaced and the readings ignored
2. BAutonomic dysfunction, which needs continuous cardiac monitoring
3. CAnxiety that will settle with reassurance alone
4. DA drug reaction that means all medicines must stop

A patient with a new arm fistula says their hand on that side is cold, pale and painful, especially during dialysis. What is the concern?

1. AFluid overload in the arm
2. BSteal syndrome, which needs urgent review
3. CAn allergic reaction to the dressing on the arm
4. DNormal healing that needs no action