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Dobutamine is mainly used to:

1. ADissolve clots in the coronary arteries
2. BTreat high blood pressure at home
3. CSlow the heart rate in fast atrial fibrillation with low blood pressure
4. DIncrease heart contractility in cardiogenic shock or acute heart failure

Oxytocin is used in obstetrics mainly to:

1. AMature the fetal lungs before birth
2. BStop preterm labour by relaxing the uterine muscle
3. CLower blood pressure in pre-eclampsia
4. DInduce or strengthen contractions and prevent postpartum bleeding

Epoetin alfa, often used in chronic kidney disease, stimulates the production of:

1. AClotting factors
2. BWhite blood cells
3. CPlatelets
4. DRed blood cells

Which technique is correct when giving subcutaneous enoxaparin from a prefilled syringe?

1. AMassage the site well for one minute after the injection
2. BExpel the air bubble from the syringe first, then inject into the deltoid muscle
3. CInject into a vein on the back of the hand
4. DInject into the abdomen away from the navel and do not rub the site afterwards

A patient with diabetes is sweaty and shaky. Blood glucose is 3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL). The patient is awake and can swallow. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive the next scheduled dose of insulin
2. BGive 15–20 g of fast-acting carbohydrate, such as juice
3. CGive intramuscular glucagon at once
4. DGive a large meal high in fat and protein to keep glucose up for longer

A patient with insulin-treated diabetes is found unconscious with very low blood glucose. There is no IV access. Which drug can a trained helper give?

1. AIntramuscular adrenaline
2. BGlucagon by injection or nasal spray
3. CRapid-acting insulin under the skin
4. DOral glucose gel poured into the mouth

A ventilated ICU patient receives vecuronium, a neuromuscular blocker. Why must sedation and pain relief also be given?

1. ASedatives are needed to prevent vecuronium from causing seizures and agitation
2. BVecuronium causes severe pain at the injection site
3. CVecuronium stops working unless a sedative is also given
4. DNeuromuscular blockers paralyse muscles but do not cause sedation or analgesia

Before starting rituximab, patients are tested for hepatitis B. Why?

1. ARituximab is a vaccine against hepatitis B
2. BRituximab is made from the hepatitis B virus
3. CRituximab can reactivate hepatitis B and cause liver failure
4. DHepatitis B infection makes rituximab completely ineffective