Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is used mainly in relation to which organ?

1. APituitary gland
2. BThyroid gland
3. CProstate gland
4. DPancreas

Which blood group is the universal donor for red blood cells in an emergency?

1. AGroup A, Rh negative
2. BGroup O, Rh negative
3. CGroup AB, Rh positive
4. DGroup B, Rh positive

How does active vitamin D (calcitriol) affect calcium?

1. AIt blocks calcium absorption from the gut
2. BIt increases calcium loss in the urine
3. CIt moves calcium out of the blood into cells
4. DIt increases calcium absorption from the gut

A patient takes valproate (valproic acid) for epilepsy. Which tests are monitored regularly?

1. ATroponin and B-type natriuretic peptide
2. BLiver function tests and platelet count
3. CSerum lithium and urine specific gravity
4. DThyroid function and serum calcium

An older adult with chronic kidney disease starts trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for a urinary tract infection. Which electrolyte should be monitored closely?

1. ASodium, because the drug causes heavy sodium retention
2. BCalcium, because the drug binds calcium in the gut
3. CChloride, because the drug causes chloride loss
4. DPotassium, because trimethoprim can raise it

A patient on a heparin infusion has blood in the urine and an aPTT far above the target. The nurse stops the infusion and informs the provider. Which antidote should the nurse anticipate?

1. ACalcium gluconate
2. BVitamin K (phytonadione)
3. CProtamine sulfate
4. DNaloxone

The nurse teaches a patient who is collecting a 24-hour urine sample at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"If I forget to save one void, I'll just carry on to the end"
2. B"I'll ask whether any foods or drugs should be avoided first"
3. C"I'll empty my bladder at the end time and add that urine"
4. D"I'll keep the container cool as the laboratory told me to"

Weeks after neck surgery, a patient has muscle cramps and tingling. Calcium is low, phosphate is high and parathyroid hormone (PTH) is low. Which condition fits best?

1. AVitamin D toxicity
2. BHypoparathyroidism
3. CChronic kidney disease
4. DPrimary hyperparathyroidism