Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

Lactate is mainly produced when cells:

1. AStore glucose as glycogen in the muscles
2. BBreak down fat completely with oxygen
3. CBreak down glucose without enough oxygen
4. DBreak down protein in the liver for energy

What does a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) show?

1. AInflammation somewhere in the body, without showing where
2. BA low level of iron stored in the bone marrow
3. CDamage to heart muscle within the past few hours
4. DA specific infection of the urinary tract by bacteria

What is the main role of platelets?

1. ATo break down old red cells in the spleen
2. BTo produce antibodies against bacteria and viruses
3. CTo form a plug at the site of vessel injury
4. DTo carry oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

Which IV fluid can be given through the same line as a red cell transfusion?

1. A5% dextrose in water
2. B0,9% sodium chloride
3. CLactated Ringer's (Hartmann's) solution
4. D0,45% sodium chloride

Pacientui, kuriam metas duoti digoksino, kalio koncentracija 3,1 mEq/L. Kodėl šis rezultatas svarbus?

1. AMažas kalis daro digoksiną neveiksmingą, todėl dozę reikia padvigubinti
2. BMažas kalis apsaugo širdį nuo digoksino šalutinių poveikių
3. CMažas kalis didina digoksino toksiškumo riziką
4. DKalis ir digoksinas nesąveikauja

A patient has a hot, swollen big toe. The serum uric acid is normal. Which statement is correct?

1. AGout is certain, as a normal urate proves the diagnosis
2. BGout is still possible, as urate can be normal in an attack
3. CGout is ruled out, as uric acid is always high in an attack
4. DGout can only be diagnosed with a CT scan of the foot

Paciento kalis mėnesiais buvo 3,4–3,6 mEq/L, o šiandien vienintelis rezultatas yra 5,4 mEq/L. Pacientas jaučiasi gerai, EKG normali. Koks geriausias kitas žingsnis?

1. APatikrinti, kaip buvo paimtas mėginys, įvertinti pacientą ir pakartoti tyrimą
2. BNutraukti visus paciento nuolatinius vaistus
3. CIgnoruoti rezultatą, nes pacientas jaučiasi gerai
4. DNedelsiant pradėti kalio rišiklį be tolesnių patikrinimų

A patient without symptoms has a finger-stick glucose of 340 mg/dL (18,9 mmol/L). The previous values were normal, and the patient has just peeled an orange. What should the nurse do first?

1. AAsk the laboratory to measure HbA1c from the same drop of blood
2. BHave the patient wash and dry their hands, then repeat the test
3. CGive a correction dose of insulin for a glucose of 340 mg/dL
4. DReport the result as a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus