Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

Which blood group's plasma can be given to patients of any ABO group (universal plasma donor)?

1. AGroup AB
2. BGroup O
3. CGroup B
4. DGroup A

What is the main effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidneys?

1. AMore potassium is reabsorbed, so the serum potassium rises
2. BMore glucose is excreted, so the urine contains sugar
3. CMore water is reabsorbed, so urine is concentrated
4. DMore water is excreted, so the urine becomes dilute

A positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test means:

1. AThe person had hepatitis A in the past
2. BThe person is immune from vaccination only
3. CThe person currently has hepatitis B infection
4. DThe person has never met the virus

A urine culture report states "mixed growth of three organisms, likely contamination." What is the nurse's best response?

1. ARecord the result as a confirmed urinary tract infection
2. BStart treatment for all three organisms with three antibiotics
3. CDiscard the report, because a mixed growth is always normal
4. DInform the provider and arrange a new, correctly collected sample

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a magnesium of 3,8 mEq/L (1,9 mmol/L). Which product is the most likely cause?

1. AExcess alcohol use over many years
2. BMagnesium-containing laxatives or antacids
3. CLoop diuretics such as furosemide
4. DProton pump inhibitors taken long term

A patient has taken a proton pump inhibitor (such as omeprazole) for many years and now has muscle cramps and tremor. Which electrolyte is most likely to be low?

1. AChloride
2. BSodium
3. CPhosphate
4. DMagnesium

A patient's results: sodium 140 mEq/L, chloride 100 mEq/L, bicarbonate 12 mEq/L. What is the anion gap, and what does it suggest?

1. A40 mEq/L, a high anion gap
2. B12 mEq/L, a normal anion gap
3. C28 mEq/L, a high anion gap
4. D52 mEq/L, a very high anion gap

A patient on clozapine for 2 years has been stable. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll report a sore throat or fever at once"
2. B"I can stop my blood tests since I feel well"
3. C"I'll tell other doctors that I take clozapine"
4. D"I'll keep all my scheduled blood test visits"