Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

Which body system shows the main symptoms of a low serum sodium?

1. AThe eyes only
2. BThe skin and hair
3. CThe skeleton
4. DThe nervous system

What is a typical adult reference range for serum chloride?

1. AAbout 98–106 mEq/L
2. BAbout 3,5–5,0 mEq/L
3. CAbout 22–28 mEq/L
4. DAbout 135–145 mEq/L

In the US (NCEP ATP III) classification, which total cholesterol level is called desirable for an adult?

1. ABelow 200 mg/dL (5,2 mmol/L)
2. BAbove 240 mg/dL (6,2 mmol/L)
3. CBetween 250 and 300 mg/dL (6,5–7,8 mmol/L)
4. DBelow 300 mg/dL (7,8 mmol/L)

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a magnesium of 3,8 mEq/L (1,9 mmol/L). Which product is the most likely cause?

1. AProton pump inhibitors taken long term
2. BLoop diuretics such as furosemide
3. CExcess alcohol use over many years
4. DMagnesium-containing laxatives or antacids

A patient has macrocytic anemia with numbness and tingling of the feet and poor balance. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin C (ascorbic acid)
2. BVitamin B₁₂
3. CIron (low ferritin)
4. DFolate (folic acid)

An older adult takes lisinopril and furosemide and recently started daily ibuprofen for knee pain. The creatinine has risen from 1,0 to 1,8 mg/dL (88 to 159 µmol/L). What is the most likely cause?

1. AMore activity has increased the patient's muscle mass quickly
2. BThe NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
3. CNormal aging of the kidneys over a period of a few weeks
4. DA laboratory error, since ibuprofen has no effect on the kidney

A patient admitted with heavy alcohol use and malnutrition has a glucose of 52 mg/dL (2,9 mmol/L) and low magnesium. Which prescribed treatment should be given before the IV glucose?

1. AIV insulin
2. BIV potassium
3. CIV thiamine
4. DOral iron

Pacientui, sergančiam diabetine ketoacidoze, į veną infuzuojamas insulinas. Kurią laboratorinę reikšmę reikia ypač atidžiai stebėti?

1. AAlbuminą, nes insulinas verčia kepenis nustoti jį gaminti
2. BHemoglobiną, nes insulinas ardo raudonuosius kraujo kūnelius
3. CKalį, nes insulinas perkelia jį į ląsteles ir jis gali greitai sumažėti
4. DNatrį, nes insulinas verčia inkstus išskirti labai daug jo