Užduočių lapas tema Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemos su atsakymais

Which three symptoms are classic in severe aortic stenosis?

1. AFever, painful swollen joints and a spreading skin rash
2. BExertional chest pain, fainting and breathlessness
3. CCalf pain, leg swelling and redness of one leg
4. DWheeze, cough and clear sputum

Amlodipine belongs to which drug class?

1. ALoop diuretics
2. BCardioselective beta-blockers
3. CAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
4. DCalcium channel blockers

Together with fever, which finding should raise suspicion of infective endocarditis?

1. APain in one calf
2. BA dry, tickly cough
3. CA slow heart rate
4. DA new heart murmur

A patient on nasal cannula oxygen breathes mainly through the mouth. What is the most accurate statement?

1. AIt has no effect at all in mouth breathers and must be stopped
2. BIt can still work, because oxygen collects in the nasopharynx
3. CThe flow must be increased to 15 L/min to make it work at all
4. DThe cannula should be placed in the mouth

Why are IV fluids given cautiously to a patient with heart failure?

1. AIV fluids lower the blood pressure dangerously
2. BIV fluids directly damage the heart valves
3. CIV fluids stop diuretics from being absorbed
4. DExtra volume can quickly cause pulmonary oedema

Pacientas serga prieširdžių virpėjimu ilgiau nei 48 valandas ir jam planuojama elektyvinė kardioversija. Kodėl prieš tai reikalinga antikoaguliacija?

1. AAntikoaguliantai prieširdžių virpėjimą paverčia sinusiniu ritmu
2. BAntikoaguliantai sumažina šokui reikalingą elektros energiją
3. CAntikoaguliantai sumažina šoko skausmą
4. DAtkūrus sinusinį ritmą gali atitrūkti prieširdžių krešuliai

A patient with pneumonia has a heart rate of 118/min, BP 86/50 mmHg, RR 28/min and a high lactate. Sepsis is recognised. Which action should not be delayed?

1. ATake blood cultures and give IV antibiotics within the first hour
2. BWait for the sputum culture result before choosing an antibiotic
3. CGive oral antibiotics and reassess the next day
4. DDelay fluids until a chest X-ray has been reported

Two days after a coronary stent, a patient on aspirin and ticagrelor has black, tarry stools and feels faint on standing. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop both antiplatelet drugs permanently on the nurse's own decision
2. BCheck vital signs, report urgently and anticipate a blood count
3. CGive a laxative and repeat the observations tomorrow
4. DReassure the patient that iron tablets cause black stools