Užduočių lapas tema Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemos su atsakymais

Where are AED pads usually placed on an adult?

1. ABoth pads on the back, side by side between the shoulder blades
2. BOn each upper arm
3. CBelow the right collarbone and on the left side below the armpit
4. DBoth pads on the abdomen, just below the ribs on either side

What is the pleura?

1. AA double membrane lining the lungs and the inner chest wall
2. BThe tiny air sacs at the ends of the airways where gas exchange happens
3. CThe dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen
4. DThe cartilage rings of the trachea

What does central cyanosis of the lips and tongue indicate?

1. ACold hands caused by the room, with normal oxygen levels
2. BNormal findings in older adults
3. CLow oxygen saturation of the arterial blood
4. DA high haemoglobin level only

After an acute coronary syndrome, a patient with a normal cholesterol level is prescribed a high-intensity statin. Why?

1. AStatins are given after an ACS mainly to lower the blood pressure
2. BStatins work as painkillers for chest pain
3. CStatins reduce further events whatever the starting cholesterol
4. DStatins are needed only if the cholesterol level is very high

Why are patients with mitral stenosis at high risk of atrial fibrillation?

1. AThe narrow valve presses on the sinus node and slows it down directly
2. BThe coronary arteries become blocked by the valve
3. CThe right ventricle shrinks and stops contracting properly over time
4. DThe left atrium enlarges as it pushes blood through the narrow valve

A patient has exercise-induced asthma. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AAvoid all forms of exercise permanently to prevent attacks
2. BTake a beta-blocker before exercise
3. CExercise only in cold, dry air to toughen the airways
4. DUse the reliever inhaler shortly before exercise and warm up

A patient with severe COPD has increasing ankle oedema and a raised JVP, but no crackles and a normal left ventricle on echocardiography. Which condition is most likely?

1. ADeep vein thrombosis
2. BAortic stenosis
3. CCor pulmonale
4. DLeft ventricular failure

Po klubo operacijos pacientas staiga uždunda ir susijaudina, širdies susitraukimų dažnis 124/min., SpO₂ 86 % kvėpuojant kambario oru, kvėpuojant jaučia aštrų skausmą. Krūtinė girdisi švari. Ką slaugytojas turėtų daryti pirmiausia?

1. AVaikščioti su pacientu po skyrių, kad pagerėtų kvėpavimas
2. BDuoti raminamąjį nerimui ir pakartotinai patikrinti po valandos
3. CPaguldyti pacientą ant nugaros ir pakelti abi kojas ant pagalvių
4. DDuoti deguonies, pasodinti, kviesti skubią apžiūrą ir likti su pacientu