Užduočių lapas tema Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemos su atsakymais

Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) is most strongly linked with which factor?

1. ADrinking coffee
2. BLack of sleep
3. CA high-salt diet
4. DSmoking tobacco

What is the main function of the epiglottis?

1. AIt covers the entrance to the larynx during swallowing
2. BIt warms and moistens the air on its way into the lungs
3. CIt vibrates to produce the sound of the voice when speaking
4. DIt divides the trachea into two bronchi

What is a "barrel chest"?

1. AA chest that moves inward on breathing in
2. BA curved spine that bends to one side and twists the ribs
3. CA sunken breastbone that has been present since birth
4. DA wider front-to-back chest diameter from air trapping

How is orthostatic (postural) hypotension usually assessed?

1. ABP once sitting, then once lying down straight after a large meal
2. BBP lying after rest, then again after 1 and 3 minutes standing
3. CBP in both arms at the same moment while sitting
4. DBP only standing, after a brisk walk along the corridor

Why are beta-blockers often started after a myocardial infarction?

1. AThey reduce cholesterol in the blood
2. BThey lower the heart's oxygen demand and reduce arrhythmias
3. CThey dissolve the clot that is blocking the coronary artery
4. DThey raise the heart rate to improve blood flow to the muscle

How does intermittent pneumatic compression help prevent DVT?

1. AIt warms the legs gently so the blood becomes thinner and flows faster
2. BIt squeezes the legs in cycles to push venous blood towards the heart
3. CIt keeps the legs completely still to protect the veins
4. DIt breaks up and dissolves clots that have already formed in the veins

A patient on an unfractionated heparin infusion has a nosebleed that will not stop, and the aPTT is far above the target range. What is the most appropriate action?

1. AContinue the infusion at the same rate and pack the nose firmly
2. BGive vitamin K and continue the infusion at a slightly lower rate
3. CStop the infusion, inform the prescriber and anticipate protamine
4. DIncrease the infusion, as the aPTT will settle

82 metų pacientui, sergančiam namuose įgyta pneumonija, naujai atsirado sumišimas, KD 32/min., kraujospūdis 88/52 mmHg ir karbamidas 9 mmol/l. Ką tai rodo?

1. ACURB-65 – 3 balai: įprastas hospitalizavimas tik į bendrą skyrių
2. BCURB-65 – 1 balas: tinka gydyti geriamaisiais antibiotikais namuose
3. CNormalų vyresnio amžiaus žmogaus atsaką į infekciją
4. DCURB-65 – 5 balai: didelė rizika, reikalinga skubi vyresniojo gydytojo apžiūra