Užduočių lapas tema Pediatrinė slauga su atsakymais

What is the cause of Hirschsprung disease?

1. AInflammation of the bowel lining after a viral infection
2. BThickening of the muscle at the outlet of the stomach
3. COne part of the bowel telescoping into the next part
4. DMissing nerve (ganglion) cells in part of the bowel

Which feature is typical of whooping cough (pertussis) in an older child?

1. AA wheeze heard only on breathing out, with a runny nose
2. BBouts of coughing that end with a "whoop" on breathing in
3. CDrooling, a high fever and difficulty swallowing saliva
4. DA barking cough and a hoarse voice that are worse at night

Which sign may be the first clue to retinoblastoma in a young child?

1. ARed, itchy eyes with a sticky yellow discharge
2. BTears running down the cheek on one side
3. CA droopy upper eyelid that appears after a cold
4. DA white pupil in photos instead of the usual red reflex

Until when is a child with chickenpox usually considered infectious?

1. AOnly during the day before the rash appears
2. BFor 6 weeks after the rash appears
3. CUntil all the blisters have crusted over
4. DUntil the fever has gone for 24 hours

A 12-year-old with type 1 diabetes will play a long football match. What should the nurse advise?

1. ACheck glucose before playing and keep fast-acting carbohydrate at hand
2. BSkip the meal before the match to avoid high glucose
3. CAvoid sport, because exercise is unsafe with diabetes
4. DInject an extra dose of insulin into the thigh just before he starts running

Which advice is first-line for a school-age child with functional constipation?

1. AMore fibre and fluids, a regular toilet time after meals and laxatives if prescribed
2. BDaily enemas given at home by the parents for several months, without other changes
3. CAvoiding the toilet at school until the problem has settled
4. DCutting out all fruit and vegetables to soften the stools

A 15-year-old with cystic fibrosis has stopped doing her daily physiotherapy. What is the best approach?

1. AExplore her reasons and plan treatment with her that fits her daily life
2. BTell her parents to supervise every session until she is 18
3. CStop the physiotherapy, since she does not want it
4. DWarn her firmly that she will die soon if she does not do what she is told

A child with Hirschsprung disease awaiting surgery develops fever, explosive diarrhoea and a very swollen abdomen. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AOrdinary viral gastroenteritis
2. BOveruse of laxatives at home
3. CEnterocolitis, an emergency
4. DThe disease has resolved itself