Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

What does a positive direct antiglobulin test (direct Coombs test) show?

1. AThe patient's red cells are too small and contain little hemoglobin
2. BThe patient's platelets are clumping together in the blood sample
3. CAntibodies or complement are attached to the patient's red cells
4. DThe patient's plasma is missing the clotting factor VIII

What is the main purpose of a Gram stain?

1. ATo sort bacteria quickly into gram-positive or negative
2. BTo test which antibiotics a bacterium is sensitive to
3. CTo measure exactly how many bacteria are in the blood
4. DTo detect viruses in a sample of respiratory secretions

What does the reticulocyte count measure?

1. AYoung red blood cells recently released from the bone marrow
2. BImmature white blood cells released during infection
3. CPlatelets that are larger than normal in size
4. DOld red blood cells that are being removed by the spleen

A patient has had severe watery diarrhea for 4 days. Which laboratory pattern would the nurse expect?

1. AHigh potassium and high bicarbonate
2. BLow potassium and low bicarbonate
3. CLow glucose and high magnesium
4. DHigh sodium and high calcium

A tired patient with heavy menstrual periods has a normal hemoglobin and MCV but a ferritin of 8 ng/mL. What does this show?

1. AIron overload from too much iron
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
3. CA completely normal iron status
4. DIron deficiency without anemia yet

An older adult with chronic kidney disease takes glyburide (glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea) and has repeated low glucose readings. Why is this a concern?

1. AThe drug stops working entirely when the kidneys fail
2. BThe drug and its metabolites build up and cause long lows
3. CThe drug makes the glucose meter read falsely low
4. DThe drug causes high potassium that lowers the glucose

Paras litium 1.0 mEq/L diambil 2 jam selepas dos pagi pesakit, dan pemreskripsi merancang untuk menaikkan dos. Apakah yang patut ditunjukkan oleh jururawat?

1. ASampel diambil terlalu awal selepas dos, maka ia bukan paras yang sah
2. BParas itu toksik, maka litium patut dihentikan selama-lamanya
3. CParas terlalu rendah, maka peningkatan besar jelas selamat
4. DParas litium boleh diambil pada bila-bila masa sepanjang hari tanpa menjejaskan keputusan

The nurse teaches a patient who is collecting a 24-hour urine sample at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll ask whether any foods or drugs should be avoided first"
2. B"I'll empty my bladder at the end time and add that urine"
3. C"If I forget to save one void, I'll just carry on to the end"
4. D"I'll keep the container cool as the laboratory told me to"