Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

The HbA1c reflects the average blood glucose over about which period?

1. AThe past 24 hours
2. BThe past 1–2 weeks
3. CThe past 1–2 years
4. DThe past 2–3 months

Which tube additive is used for a complete blood count (CBC)?

1. ASodium fluoride (usually a gray top)
2. BSodium citrate (usually a light blue top)
3. CEDTA (usually a lavender or purple top)
4. DNo additive, clot activator (red top)

Seorang warga emas ditemui di lantai selepas berbaring di situ selama berjam-jam. Ujian darah manakah yang paling baik menunjukkan pemecahan otot rangka (rabdomiolisis)?

1. ALipase serum
2. BHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
3. CKreatina kinase (CK)
4. DAlbumin serum

A patient with type 2 diabetes starts prednisone each morning. When is the glucose most likely to be highest?

1. AThe glucose will not change
2. BAt midnight only
3. CIn the afternoon and evening
4. DIn the early morning, before the dose

Kumpulan dapatan manakah yang sesuai dengan hiperkalsemia?

1. ADahaga dengan air kencing yang sangat cair sebagai satu-satunya tanda
2. BGelombang T runcing dan kelemahan otot sahaja
3. CSembelit, keletihan, kekeliruan dan batu karang
4. DTetani, kejang otot dan tanda Chvostek yang positif

An older adult with chronic kidney disease takes glyburide (glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea) and has repeated low glucose readings. Why is this a concern?

1. AThe drug causes high potassium that lowers the glucose
2. BThe drug stops working entirely when the kidneys fail
3. CThe drug and its metabolites build up and cause long lows
4. DThe drug makes the glucose meter read falsely low

A patient with advanced chronic kidney disease has a mildly raised troponin that has stayed the same on several tests over months. There is no chest pain and the ECG is unchanged. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA sign of skeletal muscle injury, because troponin comes from all muscles
2. BA chronic stable rise; infarction needs a rising or falling pattern
3. CProof of an acute myocardial infarction that needs emergency treatment now
4. DA laboratory error, because troponin is never raised in kidney disease

Seorang pesakit yang muntah teruk mempunyai kalium 3.0 mEq/L, klorida 88 mEq/L dan bikarbonat yang tinggi. Apakah corak yang ditunjukkan ini?

1. AKehilangan asid gaster: kalium dan klorida rendah, alkalosis metabolik
2. BKalium tinggi dengan asidosis metabolik akibat dehidrasi
3. CKeputusan normal yang tidak memerlukan tindakan susulan
4. DKetoasidosis diabetes dengan jurang anion yang tinggi