Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

What does a positive direct antiglobulin test (direct Coombs test) show?

1. AThe patient's plasma is missing the clotting factor VIII
2. BThe patient's platelets are clumping together in the blood sample
3. CThe patient's red cells are too small and contain little hemoglobin
4. DAntibodies or complement are attached to the patient's red cells

Which body system shows the main symptoms of a low serum sodium?

1. AThe skin and hair
2. BThe nervous system
3. CThe skeleton
4. DThe eyes only

What is the usual diagnostic cut-off for diabetes on a fasting plasma glucose test, when confirmed on a second test?

1. A126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher
2. B200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher
3. C100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or higher
4. D110 mg/dL (6.1 mmol/L) or higher

A patient has a calcium of 7.0 mg/dL (1.75 mmol/L) and tingling around the mouth. Which nursing measure is most appropriate?

1. ALimit dairy products until the level falls again
2. BEncourage 3 L of fluid per day to dilute the calcium
3. CPromote walking to move calcium back into the bone
4. DPut seizure precautions in place and report the result

A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices that the drained fluid is cloudy and has abdominal pain. What should the nurse do?

1. ARecord it as normal and continue the usual exchanges
2. BAdd more glucose to the next bag to clear the fluid
3. CStop dialysis for a week and recheck the fluid later
4. DSend the fluid for cell count and culture and report it

A patient without symptoms has a fasting plasma glucose of 132 mg/dL (7.3 mmol/L) on Monday and 138 mg/dL (7.7 mmol/L) on Thursday. What does this show?

1. AThe results meet the criteria for diabetes
2. BThe results are within the normal fasting range
3. CThe results show reactive hypoglycemia
4. DThe results show prediabetes only

A patient with heavy alcohol use and a poor diet has a hemoglobin of 10.1 g/dL (101 g/L), an MCV of 110 fL and a low red cell folate. Which explanation fits best?

1. AAnemia caused by long-standing chronic kidney disease
2. BIron deficiency from slow, chronic bleeding in the gut
3. CThalassemia trait inherited from one of the parents
4. DFolate deficiency, made worse by a direct alcohol effect

A patient with suspected Cushing syndrome takes dexamethasone at night. The next morning, the cortisol is still high. What does this suggest?

1. AThe result is normal, as dexamethasone raises cortisol
2. BThe adrenal glands are not able to produce enough cortisol
3. CThe patient has primary hypothyroidism instead
4. DCortisol is being produced without normal feedback control