Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

A tuberculin skin test (TST) is read as positive. What does this mean?

1. AThe person is fully immune and can never develop TB
2. BThe person has been infected with TB bacteria at some point
3. CThe person has never been exposed to TB bacteria
4. DThe person definitely has active, contagious pulmonary TB

Serum creatinine comes mainly from:

1. AThe normal breakdown of creatine in muscle
2. BThe breakdown of old red cells in the spleen
3. CThe breakdown of dietary fat in the liver
4. DThe digestion of protein by gut bacteria

What does a "culture and sensitivity" test of a sample show?

1. AWhether the patient is allergic to an antibiotic
2. BThe amount of antibiotic in the patient's blood
3. CHow many white cells are present in the sample
4. DWhich organism grows and which antibiotics work on it

Why must vitamin B₁₂ deficiency be ruled out before treating macrocytic anemia with folic acid alone?

1. AFolic acid causes iron overload when B₁₂ levels are low
2. BFolic acid makes B₁₂ deficiency anemia much worse within a few days
3. CFolic acid blocks the absorption of all B₁₂ from the diet
4. DFolic acid can fix the anemia while B₁₂-related nerve damage continues

Why is a baseline platelet count taken before starting heparin therapy?

1. ABecause heparin increases the platelet count to dangerous levels
2. BSo that the INR can be calculated from the platelet count later
3. CBecause heparin is given at a dose based on the platelet count
4. DSo a later fall from heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is detected

Apart from the lithium level, which tests are monitored regularly in long-term lithium therapy?

1. AKidney function and thyroid function
2. BLiver enzymes and serum amylase
3. CTroponin and creatine kinase (CK)
4. DINR and the platelet count

A patient with blood pressure that is hard to control has a potassium of 2.9 mEq/L, a sodium of 144 mEq/L and a raised serum bicarbonate, without taking a diuretic. Which condition is most likely?

1. ASyndrome of inappropriate ADH
2. BPrimary adrenal insufficiency
3. CPrimary hyperaldosteronism
4. DCentral diabetes insipidus

After a crush injury, a patient's urine dipstick is strongly positive for blood, but microscopy shows almost no red cells. CK is very high. What best explains this?

1. AA kidney stone is scraping the ureter lining
2. BBleeding is coming from the bladder lining
3. CThe sample was contaminated with menstrual blood
4. DMyoglobin from damaged muscle is in the urine