Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

The sweat chloride test is used to diagnose which condition?

1. AHypothyroidism
2. BCystic fibrosis
3. CDiabetes mellitus
4. DSickle cell disease

What does a "culture and sensitivity" test of a sample show?

1. AWhich organism grows and which antibiotics work on it
2. BWhether the patient is allergic to an antibiotic
3. CThe amount of antibiotic in the patient's blood
4. DHow many white cells are present in the sample

Why is glucose normally absent from the urine?

1. AThe tubules reabsorb all filtered glucose at normal blood levels
2. BGlucose is changed into ketones before it reaches the urine
3. CThe bladder lining breaks down any glucose that reaches the urine
4. DThe glomeruli do not filter glucose out of the blood at any level

A patient with central diabetes insipidus starts desmopressin. Which laboratory result is most important to monitor for an adverse effect?

1. ASerum potassium, which may rise too high
2. BSerum sodium, which may fall too low
3. CSerum glucose, which may rise very high
4. DSerum calcium, which may rise too high

A trauma patient receives 2 L of IV crystalloid. The hemoglobin falls from 13.0 to 11.4 g/dL (130 to 114 g/L), and the vital signs are now stable. Which explanation is most likely?

1. AIncreased red cell production
2. BA sudden failure of the bone marrow
3. CDilution of the blood by the IV fluid
4. DA laboratory error in the first sample

A patient's potassium is unexpectedly 5.8 mEq/L. The sample was taken after the tourniquet was on for several minutes while the patient pumped their fist. What is the best interpretation?

1. ATourniquet time affects only the glucose result, not the potassium
2. BFist pumping lowers potassium, so the true level is even higher
3. CThe result may be falsely high and should be repeated with better technique
4. DThe result confirms true hyperkalemia and needs no further checking

The nurse teaches a patient who is starting warfarin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will have my INR checked as often as I am told to"
2. B"I will tell my dentist and pharmacist that I take warfarin"
3. C"If I miss a dose, I will take two tablets the next day"
4. D"I will keep my intake of green leafy vegetables about the same"

A woman who is 34 weeks pregnant has high blood pressure, right upper abdominal pain, a platelet count of 70 × 10³/µL, raised ALT and AST, and a raised LDH. Which condition fits best?

1. APhysiologic anemia of pregnancy
2. BGestational diabetes
3. CHELLP syndrome
4. DAcute cholecystitis