Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Which laboratory test is traditionally used to adjust a continuous infusion of unfractionated heparin?

1. AErythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
2. BActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
3. CInternational normalized ratio (INR)
4. DPlatelet function assay (PFA-100 test)

A serum sodium of 151 mEq/L is called:

1. AHyponatremia
2. BHypercalcemia
3. CHyperkalemia
4. DHypernatremia

Lactate is mainly produced when cells:

1. ABreak down glucose without enough oxygen
2. BStore glucose as glycogen in the muscles
3. CBreak down fat completely with oxygen
4. DBreak down protein in the liver for energy

A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices that the drained fluid is cloudy and has abdominal pain. What should the nurse do?

1. ARecord it as normal and continue the usual exchanges
2. BAdd more glucose to the next bag to clear the fluid
3. CSend the fluid for cell count and culture and report it
4. DStop dialysis for a week and recheck the fluid later

A patient is on an IV insulin infusion protocol in the ICU. How often is the blood glucose usually checked?

1. AOnly if symptoms occur
2. BOnce a day before breakfast
3. COnce every 12 hours
4. DAbout every hour

A week after a splenectomy, a patient's platelet count is 650 × 10³/µL. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA laboratory error, because platelets fall after splenectomy
2. BAn expected rise after splenectomy that increases clot risk
3. CA sign of iron overload from the surgery and transfusion
4. DA sign of new leukemia that needs immediate chemotherapy

Palung vankomisin seorang pesakit ialah 28 mcg/mL; sasaran yang ditetapkan pemreskripsi ialah 15–20 mcg/mL. Dos seterusnya perlu diberi sekarang. Apakah tindakan terbaik?

1. ABeri dos dalam tempoh yang lebih singkat untuk mengurangkan pendedahan
2. BBeri dos seperti dijadualkan dan semak semula paras palung dalam seminggu
3. CTahan dos, maklumkan pemreskripsi dan periksa fungsi buah pinggang
4. DBeri dos berganda untuk menamatkan kursus dengan lebih cepat

A patient with diabetes had a glucose of 58 mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L), took 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate and, 15 minutes later, the glucose is 64 mg/dL (3.6 mmol/L). The patient is alert. What should the nurse do next?

1. AGive another 15 g of fast carbohydrate and recheck
2. BGive a protein snack only and recheck tomorrow
3. CWait until the next meal before giving anything
4. DGive a long-acting insulin dose to stabilize it