Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

A patient on warfarin asks what an INR of 2.0 means. Which explanation is best?

1. AYour warfarin dose is twice what it should be
2. BYour blood takes about twice as long as normal to clot
3. CYour blood clots about twice as fast as is normal
4. DYou have twice the normal number of platelets

How does dehydration usually affect the hematocrit?

1. AIt lowers it
2. BIt has no effect
3. CIt makes it zero
4. DIt raises it

Ujian hati manakah yang meningkat terutamanya apabila sel hati rosak?

1. AHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
2. BNitrogen urea darah (BUN)
3. CKreatina kinase (CK)
4. DALT (alanin aminotransferase)

Seorang pesakit mempunyai natrium 152 mEq/L. Dapatan manakah yang dijangka oleh jururawat?

1. AKedutan otot dengan tanda Trousseau yang positif
2. BDahaga, membran mukus kering dan kegelisahan
3. CPertambahan berat badan dengan buku lali bengkak
4. DBradikardia dengan gelombang T runcing

A patient scheduled for surgery this morning has a potassium of 3.0 mEq/L on pre-operative tests. What should the nurse do?

1. ARepeat the test after the surgery is finished
2. BSend the patient to surgery without comment
3. CReport it to the surgical team before surgery
4. DGive an oral potassium dose without a prescription

Kumpulan dapatan manakah yang sesuai dengan hiperkalsemia?

1. ASembelit, keletihan, kekeliruan dan batu karang
2. BTetani, kejang otot dan tanda Chvostek yang positif
3. CDahaga dengan air kencing yang sangat cair sebagai satu-satunya tanda
4. DGelombang T runcing dan kelemahan otot sahaja

The nurse teaches a patient with iron-deficiency anemia who is starting oral iron. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"My stools may look darker while I take the tablets"
2. B"I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"
3. C"I can take it with orange juice to help absorption"
4. D"I'll keep the tablets out of reach of the children"

Three days after starting haloperidol, a patient has a temperature of 40 °C, severe muscle rigidity and confusion. Which laboratory result would the nurse expect?

1. AA very low serum sodium
2. BA very high serum lithium
3. CA very high creatine kinase (CK)
4. DA very low white cell count