Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

A blood lactate level above about which value is usually considered raised in an adult?

1. A20 mmol/L
2. B10 mmol/L
3. C0.2 mmol/L
4. D2 mmol/L

In a healthy adult, the CSF glucose is usually about what proportion of the blood glucose?

1. AAbout double (200%)
2. BAbout two-thirds (60%)
3. CExactly the same (100%)
4. DAbout one tenth (10%)

Natrium serum 128 mEq/L dipanggil:

1. AHiponatremia
2. BHiperkalemia
3. CHipernatremia
4. DHipokalemia

A patient taking phenazopyridine for bladder pain has bright orange urine. What should the nurse know about urine tests?

1. AThe color proves blood is present in the urine
2. BThe dye can interfere with dipstick color readings
3. CThe drug improves the accuracy of all dipsticks
4. DThe color shows severe liver failure is present

A healthy woman at 28 weeks of pregnancy has a mildly lower hemoglobin than before pregnancy, with a normal MCV and ferritin. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe fetus is destroying the mother's red cells in the circulation
2. BIron is being lost through the kidneys during the pregnancy
3. CPregnancy hormones stop the bone marrow from making red cells
4. DPlasma volume rises more than red cell mass, diluting the blood

Seorang pesakit yang mengambil fenitoin mempunyai paras 28 mcg/mL (julat lazim kira-kira 10–20 mcg/mL). Dapatan manakah yang dijangka oleh jururawat?

1. ANistagmus, gaya berjalan tidak stabil dan pertuturan pelat
2. BGelombang T yang tinggi dan runcing
3. CTingkah laku hiperaktif dan insomnia sahaja
4. DRasa lapar dan pertambahan berat badan

Two weeks after a sore throat, a child develops dark (cola-colored) urine, puffy eyes and high blood pressure. Urinalysis shows red cell casts and protein. Which condition is most likely?

1. AKidney stone in the ureter
2. BPrerenal acute kidney injury
3. CLower urinary tract infection (cystitis)
4. DPost-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

Seorang pesakit hiponatremia kronik (natrium 118 mEq/L) sedang dirawat. Mengapakah natrium mesti dinaikkan secara perlahan?

1. AIa boleh menyebabkan demielinasi osmotik, kecederaan otak yang serius
2. BPembetulan perlahan hanya diperlukan untuk mengurangkan kos hospital
3. CPembetulan pantas menyebabkan hipokalemia, yang merupakan satu-satunya risiko
4. DPembetulan pantas menyebabkan natrium jatuh semula dengan lebih rendah