Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Mengetuk saraf muka di hadapan telinga menyebabkan sudut mulut berkedut. Apakah nama tanda ini, dan apakah yang dicadangkannya?

1. ATanda Homans, mencadangkan kalium tinggi
2. BTanda Trousseau, mencadangkan kalsium tinggi
3. CTanda Babinski, mencadangkan natrium rendah
4. DTanda Chvostek, mencadangkan kalsium rendah

What is a typical adult reference range for serum chloride?

1. AAbout 98–106 mEq/L
2. BAbout 22–28 mEq/L
3. CAbout 3.5–5.0 mEq/L
4. DAbout 135–145 mEq/L

Why can bilirubin appear in the urine in obstructive jaundice but not in hemolytic jaundice?

1. AThe kidneys are always damaged in obstructive jaundice
2. BUnconjugated bilirubin is broken down in the bladder
3. COnly conjugated bilirubin is water soluble and filtered
4. DHemolysis stops the kidneys making any urine at all

A patient on warfarin has an INR of 7.8 and a nosebleed. Which medication would the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?

1. ANaloxone hydrochloride
2. BAcetylcysteine
3. CProtamine sulfate
4. DVitamin K (phytonadione)

On the first day after major surgery, a patient's white cell count is 12.5 × 10³/µL, with no fever or wound signs. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA laboratory error, since surgery lowers white cells
2. BDefinite wound infection that needs antibiotics now
3. CA common stress response to surgery that is monitored
4. DA sign of leukemia that needs bone marrow testing

A patient taking empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) has glucose in the urine but a normal blood glucose. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA sign of kidney failure
2. BAn expected effect of the drug
3. CUncontrolled diabetes needing insulin
4. DA urinary tract infection

Seorang pesakit penyakit buah pinggang kronik mempunyai fosfat 7.2 mg/dL (2.3 mmol/L). Pengajaran diet manakah yang paling sesuai?

1. AAmbil suplemen kalsium dengan perut kosong dan bukan pengikat
2. BHadkan makanan kaya fosfat, seperti makanan diproses dan kola
3. CMinum lebih banyak minuman ringan jenis kola untuk kekal terhidrat
4. DTingkatkan susu dan keju untuk melindungi tulang daripada kehilangan kalsium

The nurse teaches a patient with severe neutropenia after chemotherapy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll wash my hands before eating and after the toilet"
2. B"I'll avoid people who have a cold or the flu"
3. C"I'll call the clinic if my temperature rises"
4. D"I'll check my temperature rectally to be accurate"