Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

1. ASerum is what is left after blood clots, minus clotting factors
2. BSerum and plasma are two names for exactly the same fluid
3. CSerum contains all the red cells, while plasma contains none
4. DPlasma is the fluid left after blood clots, without fibrinogen

Which gland produces thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

1. AThe anterior pituitary gland
2. BThe parathyroid glands
3. CThe adrenal cortex
4. DThe thyroid gland itself

Using American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, a fasting plasma glucose of 100–125 mg/dL (5.6–6.9 mmol/L) is classed as:

1. ANormal fasting glucose for an adult
2. BMild hypoglycemia (low glucose)
3. CPrediabetes (impaired fasting glucose)
4. DType 1 diabetes mellitus

A patient has had severe watery diarrhea for 4 days. Which laboratory pattern would the nurse expect?

1. ALow potassium and low bicarbonate
2. BHigh sodium and high calcium
3. CLow glucose and high magnesium
4. DHigh potassium and high bicarbonate

A patient taking furosemide has a potassium of 3.3 mEq/L and is told to eat more potassium-rich foods. Which snack is the best choice?

1. AWhite bread
2. BDried apricots
3. CPlain crackers
4. DRice cakes

Rawatan manakah yang menurunkan kalium serum dengan memindahkannya ke dalam sel?

1. ASuplemen kalium klorida oral
2. BInsulin biasa IV yang diberikan bersama glukosa
3. CInfusi natrium klorida 0.45% IV
4. DKalsium glukonat IV yang diberikan selama 10 minit

The nurse teaches a patient with severe neutropenia after chemotherapy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll call the clinic if my temperature rises"
2. B"I'll check my temperature rectally to be accurate"
3. C"I'll wash my hands before eating and after the toilet"
4. D"I'll avoid people who have a cold or the flu"

A patient has a continuous heparin infusion for a pulmonary embolism. A new nurse plans to adjust the infusion using today's INR of 1.1. What should the experienced nurse explain?

1. AHeparin needs no laboratory monitoring once the infusion is started
2. BThe INR is the correct test, and 1.1 means heparin is therapeutic
3. CHeparin is adjusted using the aPTT or anti-Xa level, not the INR
4. DThe INR of 1.1 means the heparin rate must be doubled at once