Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Which liver test is especially sensitive to heavy alcohol use?

1. ACardiac troponin I or T
2. BGamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)
3. CSerum creatinine and BUN
4. DSerum lipase (pancreatic enzyme)

A raised serum uric acid is most closely linked to which condition?

1. AHypothyroidism
2. BOsteoporosis
3. CIron-deficiency anemia
4. DGout

Which tube additive is used for a complete blood count (CBC)?

1. AEDTA (usually a lavender or purple top)
2. BSodium fluoride (usually a gray top)
3. CSodium citrate (usually a light blue top)
4. DNo additive, clot activator (red top)

A pregnant woman's blood type is O Rh-negative, and her antibody screen (indirect Coombs test) is negative. What is usually offered at about 28 weeks?

1. AAn IV dose of vitamin K given for the fetus
2. BAnti-D immunoglobulin (Rho(D) immune globulin)
3. CDaily oral iron and folic acid supplements only
4. DA transfusion of group O Rh-positive red cells

A patient without symptoms has a fasting plasma glucose of 132 mg/dL (7.3 mmol/L) on Monday and 138 mg/dL (7.7 mmol/L) on Thursday. What does this show?

1. AThe results show prediabetes only
2. BThe results are within the normal fasting range
3. CThe results meet the criteria for diabetes
4. DThe results show reactive hypoglycemia

How does the nurse start a 24-hour urine collection at 08:00?

1. ASave three samples spread across the day and discard all of the urine passed at night
2. BCollect only the first urine passed on waking, and repeat this the next morning
3. CSave the 08:00 urine as the first sample, then collect until 08:00 the next day
4. DHave the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day

A patient with advanced chronic kidney disease has a mildly raised troponin that has stayed the same on several tests over months. There is no chest pain and the ECG is unchanged. What is the best interpretation?

1. AProof of an acute myocardial infarction that needs emergency treatment now
2. BA laboratory error, because troponin is never raised in kidney disease
3. CA sign of skeletal muscle injury, because troponin comes from all muscles
4. DA chronic stable rise; infarction needs a rising or falling pattern

A patient with ongoing hemolytic anemia has an HbA1c of 4.6%, but home glucose readings are often 180–220 mg/dL (10–12 mmol/L). What best explains the gap?

1. AThe patient has true, well-controlled diabetes
2. BHemolysis makes the HbA1c test read too high
3. CShort red cell life span lowers the HbA1c falsely
4. DThe home glucose meter is reading falsely high