Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Why is prealbumin (transthyretin) sometimes used to follow a patient's nutritional status instead of albumin?

1. AIt is not affected by inflammation or liver disease
2. BIt has a long half-life, so it changes over months
3. CIt has a short half-life, so it changes within days
4. DIt is measured in urine, so no blood test is needed

A raised alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is most typical of:

1. AInflammation of the lining of the urinary bladder
2. BAcute damage to the heart muscle
3. CLow production of hormone by the thyroid gland
4. DBlocked bile flow or increased bone turnover

Apakah julat terapeutik yang lazim disebut bagi valproat serum keseluruhan (asid valproik) dalam epilepsi?

1. AKira-kira 0.6–1.2 mcg/mL (mg/L)
2. BKira-kira 50–100 mcg/mL (mg/L)
3. CKira-kira 500–1000 mcg/mL (mg/L)
4. DKira-kira 5–10 mcg/mL (mg/L)

A healthy woman at 28 weeks of pregnancy has a mildly lower hemoglobin than before pregnancy, with a normal MCV and ferritin. What is the most likely explanation?

1. APregnancy hormones stop the bone marrow from making red cells
2. BPlasma volume rises more than red cell mass, diluting the blood
3. CThe fetus is destroying the mother's red cells in the circulation
4. DIron is being lost through the kidneys during the pregnancy

When several samples are drawn at the same venipuncture, which tubes or bottles are filled first?

1. AFluoride (glucose) tubes
2. BCoagulation (citrate) tubes
3. CBlood culture bottles
4. DEDTA (complete blood count) tubes

A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices that the drained fluid is cloudy and has abdominal pain. What should the nurse do?

1. AAdd more glucose to the next bag to clear the fluid
2. BStop dialysis for a week and recheck the fluid later
3. CRecord it as normal and continue the usual exchanges
4. DSend the fluid for cell count and culture and report it

A patient's bedside glucose meter shows "HI" (above its measuring range). The patient is drowsy. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive oral glucose in case the reading is wrong and the patient is low
2. BRecord "HI" and repeat the meter test at the next scheduled time
3. CSend a venous sample to the lab and inform the provider at once
4. DAssume the meter is broken and give the usual insulin dose

A patient has fatigue, weight loss, darkening of the skin and low blood pressure. Results: sodium 130 mEq/L, potassium 5.6 mEq/L. Which test pattern would confirm primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)?

1. AHigh cortisol with a high ACTH
2. BLow cortisol with a low ACTH
3. CLow cortisol with a high ACTH
4. DHigh cortisol with a low ACTH