Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Which body system shows the main symptoms of a low serum sodium?

1. AThe eyes only
2. BThe nervous system
3. CThe skeleton
4. DThe skin and hair

A raised alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is most typical of:

1. ALow production of hormone by the thyroid gland
2. BInflammation of the lining of the urinary bladder
3. CAcute damage to the heart muscle
4. DBlocked bile flow or increased bone turnover

What is the main role of fibrinogen in the blood?

1. AIt transports iron from the gut to the bone marrow
2. BIt is converted to fibrin, which forms the mesh of a clot
3. CIt carries oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues
4. DIt breaks down clots once the bleeding has stopped

In countries that screen all pregnant women (such as the US), a vaginal-rectal swab is taken at about 36–37 weeks. Which organism is it screening for?

1. ACandida albicans
2. BHepatitis B virus
3. CStaphylococcus aureus
4. DGroup B Streptococcus

A patient has macrocytic anemia with numbness and tingling of the feet and poor balance. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin C (ascorbic acid)
2. BFolate (folic acid)
3. CIron (low ferritin)
4. DVitamin B₁₂

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with unknown HIV status. Which test is usually done for the nurse as soon as possible?

1. AA serum lipase test
2. BA baseline HIV test
3. CA thyroid panel test
4. DA sweat chloride test

A patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis has a hemoglobin of 10.5 g/dL (105 g/L), a low serum iron, a low total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and a high-normal ferritin. Which condition fits best?

1. AIron-deficiency anemia
2. BAcute blood loss anemia
3. CVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
4. DAnemia of chronic disease (inflammation)

A patient has painless jaundice, itching, dark urine and pale stools. ALP is markedly raised, conjugated (direct) bilirubin is high and ALT is only mildly raised. What is the most likely cause?

1. AIncreased breakdown of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia)
2. BBlockage of bile flow, for example by a tumor in the bile duct
3. CGilbert syndrome, a harmless inherited bilirubin disorder
4. DAcute viral hepatitis with widespread liver cell damage