Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratori dengan jawapan

Gejala manakah yang tipikal bagi penyakit arteri periferi?

1. ABengkak buku lali yang bertambah teruk sepanjang hari dan berkurang pada waktu malam
2. BKulit perang yang gatal di sekeliling buku lali
3. CKekejangan betis semasa berjalan yang reda dengan berehat
4. DBetis yang hangat, merah dan bengkak pada satu sebelah

What is pitting oedema?

1. AA small sore that forms on the shin
2. BSwelling that is hard and does not dent at all when pressed
3. CSwelling that keeps a dent for a while after firm pressure
4. DRedness of the skin that turns white when it is pressed

Which valve lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

1. AThe aortic valve
2. BThe pulmonary valve
3. CThe mitral valve
4. DThe tricuspid valve

How is a patient usually positioned for a thoracentesis?

1. AFlat on the back with the legs raised
2. BProne with the arms by the sides
3. CSitting upright and leaning forward over a table
4. DLying on the affected side with the head down

A patient who had a leg amputation says they feel burning pain in the missing foot. What is the best response?

1. AAdvise that it will be ignored until it stops
2. BExplain that burning pain in the missing foot shows wound infection
3. CTell the patient the pain must be imaginary as the foot has gone
4. DExplain that phantom limb pain is real and arrange treatment

Why is a shock for cardioversion synchronised with the QRS complex?

1. ATo make the shock less painful for the patient
2. BTo avoid delivering the shock during the T wave
3. CTo allow the use of a lower battery charge
4. DTo keep the pads from burning the skin

During CPR on an adult, a nurse notices a colleague compressing at about 140/min and leaning on the chest between compressions. Which correction is most appropriate?

1. ASlow to 100–120/min and allow full chest recoil
2. BStop compressions until a pulse is felt
3. CSpeed up to about 160/min to improve the blood flow
4. DPress more gently, to a depth of about 2 cm

A patient with asthma needs their reliever every three hours and their peak flow is falling well below their personal best. What does their action plan most likely advise?

1. AStop the preventer inhaler for a few days to rest the lungs
2. BDo extra exercise to open the airways
3. CFollow the worsening-asthma steps and get a same-day review
4. DWait two weeks to see whether it improves without any change