Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratori dengan jawapan

What is the classic clinical definition of chronic bronchitis?

1. AA dry cough lasting about one week after a common cold
2. BA single episode of coughing up blood after a chest infection
3. CA cough with sputum most days for 3 months in 2 years running
4. DWheeze and chest tightness that occur only during exercise

What is Cheyne–Stokes breathing?

1. ABreathing only through pursed lips
2. BCycles of deeper then shallower breaths followed by a pause
3. CA harsh, high-pitched sound on breathing in through the throat
4. DConstant deep, fast breathing that never changes in depth

Which side effect is typical of ACE inhibitors such as ramipril or lisinopril?

1. AA productive cough with green sputum
2. BA fast, irregular heart rate
3. CSwelling of both ankles
4. DA persistent dry cough

Seorang pesakit takikardia supraventrikular akan menerima adenosin IV. Apakah yang patut diberitahu oleh jururawat kepada pesakit?

1. AMuka kemerahan atau dada terasa ketat seketika dan jeda selama beberapa saat
2. BSakit terbakar di sepanjang vena lengan selama kira-kira seminggu
3. CSakit kepala yang berlarutan selama beberapa hari selepas itu
4. DRasa mengantuk selama beberapa jam, pertuturan pelat dan kekeliruan selepas itu

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt turns the statin into a blood thinner
2. BIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage
3. CIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply
4. DIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all

Ruang kedap air saluran dada bergelembung secara berterusan, walaupun pesakit tidak batuk. Apakah yang ditunjukkan oleh ini?

1. AKebocoran udara daripada paru-paru atau daripada sistem saliran
2. BParu-paru telah mengembang semula sepenuhnya dan saluran sedia untuk dikeluarkan
3. CSaluran tersumbat oleh bekuan dalam tiub
4. DPunca sedutan telah dimatikan

Seorang pesakit asma mempunyai sejarah mengi selepas mengambil aspirin. Ibuprofen dipreskripsikan untuk kesakitan pasca-operasi. Apakah yang patut dilakukan oleh jururawat?

1. AMemberikannya bersama inhaler pelega pada masa yang sama
2. BMemberikannya hanya jika skor kesakitan melebihi 8/10
3. CMenahannya dan meminta alternatif
4. DMemberikannya, kerana ibuprofen tidak berkaitan dengan aspirin

A nurse reviews inhaler use with a patient who has asthma and uses a separate steroid preventer inhaler and a salbutamol reliever. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I rinse my mouth after the steroid inhaler."
2. B"I carry my blue reliever inhaler with me."
3. C"I use my steroid inhaler every day, even when I feel well."
4. D"I use my steroid inhaler when I start to wheeze."