Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratori dengan jawapan

What is the role of cilia in the airways?

1. AThey exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood
2. BThey contract to narrow the airways and keep out particles of dust
3. CThey move mucus and trapped particles up towards the throat
4. DThey make surfactant to keep the small alveoli open

Which symptom lasting more than three weeks is a classic warning sign of laryngeal cancer?

1. APersistent hoarseness of the voice
2. BItching of the eyes
3. CMild sneezing and a runny nose in the morning
4. DOccasional hiccups

Mengapakah hipertensi sering dipanggil “pembunuh senyap”?

1. AIa terutamanya berlaku pada waktu malam semasa tidur
2. BIa hanya boleh dikesan dengan ujian darah
3. CIa sentiasa menyebabkan sakit kepala yang pesakit belajar untuk abaikan
4. DIa selalunya tidak menyebabkan gejala semasa merosakkan organ

Tekanan darah seorang pesakit ialah 200/125 mmHg dengan kekeliruan baharu dan penglihatan kabur. Bagaimanakah ia biasanya diturunkan?

1. ATidak langsung, kerana otak kini bergantung pada tekanan yang tinggi
2. BSecepat mungkin, kepada nilai normal dalam masa beberapa minit
3. CDengan tablet oral baharu dan semakan dalam seminggu
4. DDengan ubat IV yang dititrasi, sehingga kira-kira 25% dalam jam pertama

After varicose vein surgery, which advice is usually given?

1. AWear the compression stockings as advised and walk regularly
2. BStand still for long periods to help the veins heal
3. CStay in bed for two weeks with the legs hanging down
4. DAvoid all walking until the bruising has gone

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a steroid inhaler at the same times each day. Which order is usually taught?

1. ASteroid first, then salbutamol straight afterwards
2. BThe order makes no difference to either drug
3. CBoth inhalers puffed together in one breath
4. DSalbutamol first, then the steroid after a short wait

Seorang pesakit dengan penyakit arteri periferi yang diketahui tiba-tiba mengalami kaki sejuk, putih dan sakit tanpa nadi serta jari kaki kebas. Apakah keutamaan?

1. AMembuat eskalasi serta-merta sebagai kecemasan; pastikan kaki sama aras, tiada haba
2. BMenaikkan kaki di atas bantal dan menghangatkan kaki dengan botol air panas
3. CMenggalakkan berjalan untuk membuka peredaran kolateral
4. DMengenakan bebat mampatan untuk memperbaik peredaran darah

A nurse teaches a patient how to measure blood pressure at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will sit with my back supported and my arm at heart level."
2. B"I will rest quietly for five minutes before measuring."
3. C"I will take two readings and write them both down."
4. D"I will measure it straight after my morning jog."