Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratori dengan jawapan

Which symptom should a patient taking a statin report promptly?

1. ASlightly darker morning urine
2. BUnexplained muscle pain or weakness
3. CMild hunger before meals
4. DA brief headache on the first day

Which group of symptoms is typical of pulmonary tuberculosis?

1. ASharp chest pain only when lying flat on the back
2. BSudden wheeze, itching and a raised skin rash
3. CLong-lasting cough, night sweats and weight loss
4. DCalf pain, leg swelling and redness

Which procedure relieves cardiac tamponade?

1. ABronchoscopy
2. BThoracentesis (pleural tap)
3. CPericardiocentesis
4. DCardioversion

A patient with COPD uses an inhaled corticosteroid combination inhaler. Which risk should the nurse be aware of?

1. AAn increased risk of pneumonia
2. BA sharp drop in potassium after each dose
3. CAn increased risk of high blood pressure crises
4. DHearing loss after every dose

A woman had lymph nodes removed from her left armpit for breast cancer. Which advice helps reduce the risk of lymphoedema?

1. AUse only the left arm for heavy lifting to build up its muscles
2. BAvoid BP cuffs and injections on the left arm where possible
3. CKeep the left arm hanging down and as still as possible all day
4. DApply tight jewellery to the left wrist

How should a patient with asthma record their peak flow at home?

1. ABlow only during an asthma attack, never when well
2. BTake the average of ten blows after exercise
3. CTake one gentle blow once a week, at any time of day
4. DTake the best of three blows, ideally morning and evening

A patient on an unfractionated heparin infusion has a nosebleed that will not stop, and the aPTT is far above the target range. What is the most appropriate action?

1. AIncrease the infusion, as the aPTT will settle
2. BContinue the infusion at the same rate and pack the nose firmly
3. CGive vitamin K and continue the infusion at a slightly lower rate
4. DStop the infusion, inform the prescriber and anticipate protamine

The monitor shows a regular broad-complex tachycardia at 180/min. The patient is alert with BP 126/78 mmHg and no chest pain. What is the most appropriate plan?

1. ADeliver an unsynchronised shock immediately, before any other assessment
2. BRecord a 12-lead ECG, call senior help and anticipate an antiarrhythmic
3. CStart chest compressions straight away and give a dose of IV adrenaline
4. DReassure the patient, as this is a normal rhythm