Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratori dengan jawapan

What is Kussmaul breathing?

1. ANoisy breathing caused by a blocked upper airway
2. BBreathing that alternates between deep breaths and pauses
3. CDeep, rapid breathing in response to metabolic acidosis
4. DVery slow, shallow breathing from opioids

Apakah peranan utama ubat antikoagulan seperti heparin atau apiksaban?

1. AUntuk meningkatkan kiraan platelet selepas pembedahan atau pendarahan
2. BUntuk menghalang platelet daripada melekat sesama sendiri
3. CUntuk melarutkan bekuan sedia ada sepenuhnya dalam beberapa minit
4. DUntuk mencegah bekuan baharu dan menghalang bekuan sedia ada daripada membesar

Which of these is a common allergic trigger of asthma?

1. ADrinking water
2. BEating rice
3. CWearing cotton clothes
4. DHouse dust mite

A patient has episodes of severe headache, sweating and palpitations with very high blood pressure. Which rare cause should be considered?

1. AAsthma
2. BStable angina
3. CPhaeochromocytoma
4. DAortic stenosis

Selepas perentak jantung kekal dimasukkan, arahan manakah yang lazim diberikan untuk beberapa minggu pertama?

1. AElakkan mengangkat lengan di sebelah itu melebihi paras bahu
2. BPastikan lengan benar-benar tidak bergerak dalam anduh selama enam bulan atau lebih
3. CJangan mandi atau membasuh langsung selama enam minggu
4. DMengurut luka dengan kuat dua kali sehari

Which ECG change is classically linked with hyperkalaemia?

1. AA sawtooth baseline
2. BProminent U waves
3. CDelta waves before the QRS
4. DTall, peaked T waves

A woman starting rifampicin (rifampin) for tuberculosis uses a combined oral contraceptive pill. What advice is correct?

1. ATake two pills a day to make up for the drug
2. BUse another reliable method, as rifampicin reduces the pill's effect
3. CContinue the pill as usual, because there is no interaction with TB drugs
4. DStop all contraception during TB treatment, as pregnancy cannot occur

A patient with asthma needs their reliever every three hours and their peak flow is falling well below their personal best. What does their action plan most likely advise?

1. AFollow the worsening-asthma steps and get a same-day review
2. BWait two weeks to see whether it improves without any change
3. CStop the preventer inhaler for a few days to rest the lungs
4. DDo extra exercise to open the airways