Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Which signs suggest peritonitis?

1. ALoud bowel sounds with a hungry feeling
2. BA small, painless lump near the umbilicus
3. CA soft abdomen with no pain on pressing
4. DGuarding, rebound tenderness and a rigid abdomen

Which two sites are most common for pressure ulcers in patients lying in bed?

1. AThe palms and the forehead
2. BThe thighs and the upper arms
3. CThe sacrum and the heels
4. DThe forearms and the knees

Which features are typical of a superficial partial-thickness burn?

1. ADry, white, leathery skin with no pain
2. BCharred skin with exposed muscle and bone
3. CBlisters, a moist pink base and severe pain
4. DRedness only, with no blisters, like sunburn

Why might a patient's platelet count be monitored while they receive heparin?

1. ATo see whether the patient has an infection
2. BTo detect heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
3. CTo check whether the heparin is causing anaemia
4. DTo measure the heparin dose in the blood exactly

Pernyataan manakah yang paling baik menerangkan toleransi terhadap opioid?

1. APesakit mempunyai keinginan kompulsif untuk lebih banyak ubat
2. BPesakit telah mengalami alahan terhadap ubat
3. CDos yang lebih tinggi diperlukan dari semasa ke semasa untuk kesan yang sama
4. DUbat tidak lagi menyebabkan sebarang sembelit

Apakah itu sindrom lisis tumor?

1. ATindak balas kulit pada kawasan yang baru dirawat dengan radioterapi
2. BKecemasan metabolik akibat pemecahan pantas sel kanser
3. CTumor yang tumbuh perlahan dan menekan saraf
4. DTindak balas alergi terhadap infusi kemoterapi

A patient has had a large terminal ileum resection for Crohn's disease. Which long-term problems should the nurse anticipate?

1. AExcess vitamin D and calcium kidney stones in the first year
2. BInsulin deficiency and high blood glucose from loss of the islets
3. CVitamin B₁₂ deficiency and bile-acid diarrhoea
4. DIron overload and constipation

A competent adult who is a Jehovah's Witness refuses blood transfusion before major surgery. What should the nurse do?

1. ACancel the surgery without discussing it
2. BPlan to transfuse secretly during the operation if it becomes needed
3. CAsk the family to override the decision
4. DRespect the decision, document it and inform the team