Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What does the ASA physical status classification describe?

1. AThe patient's pain score after surgery
2. BThe patient's general health before anaesthesia
3. CThe exact length of the planned operation
4. DThe type of anaesthetic drug the surgeon prefers

Di manakah kesakitan pankreatitis akut lazimnya dirasai?

1. ADi hujung bahu kiri, bertambah teruk semasa pernafasan dalam
2. BDi bahagian bawah belakang, berkurang apabila berbaring mendatar
3. CDi abdomen kanan bawah, berhampiran pinggul
4. DDi epigastrium, selalunya menjalar ke belakang

What is a common reason for giving a premedication before surgery?

1. ATo treat the surgical wound in advance
2. BTo reduce anxiety
3. CTo make the patient hungry after surgery
4. DTo replace the general anaesthetic

Why is pethidine (meperidine) generally avoided for regular pain relief?

1. AA metabolite can build up and cause seizures
2. BIt has no pain-relieving effect at all in adults
3. CIt can only be given by mouth
4. DIt always causes severe diarrhoea

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea is admitted for surgery. Which instruction is most appropriate?

1. ALie flat on their back for the first night
2. BAvoid sleeping at all on the night after surgery
3. CBring their CPAP machine to use after surgery
4. DStop all pain relief for the first three days

When is cold therapy most useful for pain?

1. ADirectly on skin with poor circulation
2. BFor long-term muscle stiffness, applied continuously for several hours
3. CSoon after an acute soft tissue injury, to reduce swelling
4. DOver numb areas where sensation is lost

A patient with three fractured ribs is taking shallow breaths because of pain. Why is effective analgesia a priority?

1. ARib pain always means the heart is damaged
2. BPain relief is only needed for the patient's comfort
3. CShallow breathing can lead to atelectasis and pneumonia
4. DGood analgesia makes rib fractures heal fully within a few days

A nurse teaches a patient to self-inject low molecular weight heparin at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll change the injection site each day."
2. B"I'll put the used syringe in the sharps bin."
3. C"I'll rub the area afterwards to spread the medicine."
4. D"I'll report any unusual bruising or bleeding."