Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What is the key difference between a benign and a malignant tumour?

1. AA malignant tumour invades nearby tissue and can spread
2. BA malignant tumour never needs any treatment
3. CA benign tumour always grows faster than a malignant one
4. DA benign tumour always spreads to the lymph nodes

What is portal hypertension?

1. AHigh blood pressure in the arteries of the arms and legs
2. BRaised pressure in the portal venous system to the liver
3. CHigh pressure inside the skull
4. DRaised pressure in the lungs from heart failure

Which drug reverses the effects of opioids?

1. AFlumazenil
2. BVitamin K
3. CProtamine
4. DNaloxone

What is anticipatory nausea in chemotherapy?

1. ANausea triggered by reminders of treatment before it is given
2. BNausea that starts about a week after each cycle and lasts for days
3. CNausea caused by low blood glucose
4. DNausea caused only by the smell of food

In the SBAR communication tool, what belongs under "A"?

1. AA list of the patient's allergies only
2. BThe nurse's assessment of what the problem is
3. CThe patient's admission date only
4. DThe address and phone number of the patient's next of kin

Which is correct when caring for a patient with a PICC line?

1. ALeave the external length unchecked once it is placed
2. BFlush the line only when it blocks
3. CAvoid taking blood pressure on the arm with the line
4. DUse the PICC arm for heavy lifting to keep it flexible

Four patients are on a gastroenterology ward. Which should the nurse see first?

1. AA patient with GORD who wants an antacid
2. BA patient with cirrhosis who is newly confused and drowsy
3. CA patient with stable ulcerative colitis asking about diet
4. DA patient with an ileostomy waiting to change the pouch

After a high-voltage electrical injury, a patient's urine is dark red-brown. What does this suggest and what is the usual aim?

1. ABleeding from the bladder; stop all fluids
2. BMyoglobin from muscle damage; a higher urine output target
3. CNormal concentrated urine; restrict fluids
4. DA urinary infection; send a sample and wait for the result