Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Bunyi usus manakah yang tipikal pada awal sekatan usus kecil mekanikal?

1. ABunyi berkeroncong yang perlahan dan normal
2. BBunyi yang tiada sepenuhnya sejak awal
3. CBunyi bernada tinggi, berdenting
4. DGeseran pleura

Why should rings, watches and tight clothing be removed early after a burn to the arm?

1. AThey interfere with the rule of nines calculation of burn size
2. BSwelling may follow, and they could cut off the circulation
3. CMetal items always cause infection in burns
4. DThey make the burn look worse in photographs

What is lymphoedema?

1. ASwelling from a broken bone in the arm
2. BInflammation of the lymph nodes in the neck and armpits from a virus
3. CFluid in the lungs from heart failure
4. DSwelling from poor lymph drainage, for example after node removal

Which patient is at highest risk of refeeding syndrome?

1. AAn underweight patient who has eaten very little for 10 days
2. BA patient who missed one lunch because of a scan
3. CA patient with a normal BMI eating three meals a day
4. DA healthy adult after an overnight fast for minor surgery

Mengapakah penting apabila pesakit yang menggunakan opioid menjadi lebih tersedasi?

1. ASedasi yang meningkat biasanya mendahului tekanan pernafasan
2. BSedasi bermakna dos yang lebih tinggi kini diperlukan
3. CSedasi ialah kesan yang tidak berbahaya dan dijangka bagi semua opioid
4. DSedasi bermakna kesakitan kini terkawal sepenuhnya dan dengan selamat

Aspirate from a nasogastric tube has a pH of 7. What should the nurse do?

1. ADo not use it; re-test later or arrange an X-ray as per policy
2. BStart the feed slowly and watch the patient closely for coughing
3. CFlush with 50 mL of air and start the feed
4. DGive the medicines but not the feed

A patient with cirrhosis and ascites has a falling urine output and a rising creatinine. They have not received nephrotoxic drugs and are not dehydrated. Which complication is likely?

1. AHepatorenal syndrome
2. BPolycystic kidney disease
3. CUrinary tract infection
4. DNephrotic syndrome

A nurse teaches a patient with GORD. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll keep a diary of foods that trigger my symptoms."
2. B"I'll stop smoking because it makes reflux worse."
3. C"I'll try to lose some weight over the next months."
4. D"Peppermint tea after dinner will settle my reflux."