Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What does black tissue in a wound bed usually indicate?

1. ANecrotic (dead) tissue
2. BHealthy granulation tissue
3. CNew epithelial cells
4. DNormal blood clot from a fresh cut

Which feature is typical of Crohn's disease?

1. AIt affects only the liver and bile ducts
2. BIt can affect any part of the gut, with normal bowel in between
3. CIt affects only the rectum and colon, in one continuous stretch
4. DIt affects only the stomach lining and causes ulcers there

Which drug group is commonly used to prevent venous thromboembolism after surgery?

1. ALoop diuretics
2. BLow molecular weight heparins
3. CProton pump inhibitors
4. DNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Seorang pesakit pendarahan GI atas akut mempunyai hemoglobin normal semasa tiba. Mengapakah ini boleh mengelirukan?

1. AHemoglobin hanya jatuh selepas seminggu pendarahan berterusan
2. BHemoglobin sentiasa meningkat pada mulanya selepas sebarang kehilangan darah
3. CHemoglobin tidak terjejas oleh pendarahan daripada usus
4. DIa jatuh hanya selepas anjakan cecair atau cecair IV mencairkan darah

Which long-term effect must be monitored in patients receiving anthracyclines such as doxorubicin?

1. APermanent high blood glucose
2. BLoss of the sense of smell
3. CExcess growth of body hair
4. DDamage to the heart muscle

Which advice may help reduce the risk of a parastomal hernia after stoma surgery?

1. AKeep the stoma bag as full as possible
2. BDo intensive sit-ups from the first week
3. CAvoid heavy lifting early on and use support garments as advised
4. DStrain hard on the toilet each day to strengthen the abdominal muscles

A nurse teaches a patient after a colonoscopy with polyp removal. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I should report a fever or a swollen, painful abdomen."
2. B"I'll report heavy bleeding from my bottom."
3. C"Some wind and bloating today is expected."
4. D"Severe abdominal pain is normal for a week afterwards."

Pada hari ke-6 selepas pembedahan abdomen, seorang pesakit berkata ada sesuatu yang “terbuka” semasa batuk, dan usus kelihatan melalui luka. Apakah yang patut dilakukan oleh jururawat dengan segera?

1. AMenolak usus kembali dengan lembut dan menampal tepi luka bersama dengan kuat
2. BMembiarkan luka terdedah dan mendudukkan pesakit sepenuhnya tegak di katil
3. CMenutup dengan pembalut steril yang direndam salin, membengkokkan lutut, memanggil pakar bedah
4. DMemberikan pesakit hidangan ringan untuk menenangkannya sementara menunggu pasukan