Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Tanda manakah yang menunjukkan kecederaan sedutan pada pesakit lecur?

1. ALepuh pada satu jari akibat menyentuh pemegang kuali panas
2. BLecuran pada satu kaki dengan deria normal
3. CLecuran muka, bulu hidung hangus, jelaga dan suara serak
4. DTerbakar matahari di belakang selepas sehari di luar

Which signs suggest early hypovolaemic shock after surgery?

1. AHigh blood pressure with a fast, bounding pulse
2. BRising heart rate, cool skin and slow capillary refill
3. CSlow heart rate, flushed skin and warm hands
4. DNormal pulse with heavy sweating only after meals

Which features are typical of a superficial partial-thickness burn?

1. ADry, white, leathery skin with no pain
2. BCharred skin with exposed muscle and bone
3. CBlisters, a moist pink base and severe pain
4. DRedness only, with no blisters, like sunburn

Which liver function test pattern suggests bile duct obstruction?

1. AHigh bilirubin with a markedly raised ALP and GGT
2. BA low albumin with all other results normal
3. CVery high ALT with a normal bilirubin only
4. DNormal bilirubin with a low ALP and low GGT

Which is correct when caring for a patient with a PICC line?

1. AFlush the line only when it blocks
2. BLeave the external length unchecked once it is placed
3. CAvoid taking blood pressure on the arm with the line
4. DUse the PICC arm for heavy lifting to keep it flexible

Why should antacids usually be taken at a different time from other medicines?

1. AThey destroy other drugs before they are swallowed
2. BThey stop the kidneys from clearing other drugs
3. CThey can reduce the absorption of many other drugs
4. DThey make all other drugs much more toxic

A patient has a category (stage) 2 pressure ulcer on the sacrum. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. ASit the patient upright in a chair for most of the day
2. BOffload the area, manage moisture, support nutrition and dress it
3. CMassage around the wound every hour to stimulate blood flow to the skin
4. DLeave it uncovered and dry it with a hair dryer

During radiotherapy to the chest, a patient develops pain on swallowing and is eating less. What is the most likely cause and nursing focus?

1. AA stomach ulcer; give an antacid after meals only
2. BNormal ageing; no action needed
3. CRadiation oesophagitis; analgesia, soft food and nutrition support
4. DA heart attack; give aspirin and arrange an ECG