Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Why are pressure areas padded when a patient is positioned for surgery?

1. ATo make the operating table look tidy
2. BTo prevent pressure injury and nerve damage
3. CTo warm the patient during the procedure
4. DTo keep the patient from moving during the operation

Dua faktor manakah yang paling lazim menyebabkan ulser peptik?

1. AMerokok dan terlalu banyak kopi pekat
2. BJangkitan Helicobacter pylori dan NSAID
3. CMakanan pedas dan tekanan psikologi atau kerja jangka panjang
4. DMeminum susu dan memakan buah sitrus

Which preoperative allergy must be communicated so that theatre equipment can be changed?

1. AHouse dust mite allergy
2. BPollen allergy
3. CCat hair allergy
4. DLatex allergy

How can low-dose opioids help a patient with breathlessness from advanced cancer?

1. AThey open the airways like an inhaler
2. BThey reduce the feeling of breathlessness
3. CThey cure the underlying lung disease
4. DThey increase the oxygen level in the blood

Selama berapa lamakah langkah berjaga-jaga khas sering diambil dengan cecair badan selepas banyak ubat kemoterapi?

1. AHanya semasa infusi
2. BSelama setahun penuh
3. CIa tidak pernah diperlukan
4. DLazimnya kira-kira 48 jam

Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?

1. ANon-selective beta-blockers
2. BProton pump inhibitors
3. CThiazide diuretics
4. DCalcium supplements

A category (stage) 4 pressure ulcer is now healing and shallower. How should it be documented according to standard guidance?

1. AAs a category 1 pressure ulcer now
2. BAs a fully healed ulcer that can be removed from the record
3. CAs a healing category 4 pressure ulcer
4. DAs a category 2 pressure ulcer now

On day 3 after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has abdominal pain, fever and mild jaundice, and green fluid is draining from the drain. What is most likely?

1. AA wound haematoma
2. BUrinary retention
3. CNormal post-operative drainage
4. DA bile leak