Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Which finding describes a category 1 pressure ulcer?

1. AAn open wound with visible bone at the base
2. BIntact skin with redness that does not blanch
3. CA wound covered with thick black eschar
4. DA shallow open wound with a red-pink base and no slough

Which is a main benefit of early mobilisation after surgery?

1. AIt prevents all postoperative pain
2. BFaster absorption of the anaesthetic gas
3. CLess need to check the wound at all
4. DLower risk of chest infection and blood clots

Which is an example of a non-drug method of pain relief?

1. AA lidocaine patch
2. BAn ibuprofen tablet with food
3. CRelaxation and distraction
4. DA morphine injection into the thigh

Why are antiemetics usually given before chemotherapy starts?

1. APreventing nausea works better than treating it later
2. BAntiemetics make the chemotherapy work better
3. CThey stop the chemotherapy from causing hair loss and mouth sores
4. DThey cannot be given once nausea has started

Why are antimotility drugs such as loperamide avoided in C. difficile infection?

1. AThey cause serious liver failure in most patients who take them
2. BThey kill the normal bowel bacteria
3. CThey make the stool sample test positive falsely
4. DThey may keep toxin in the bowel and risk toxic megacolon

Which technique is correct when giving a prefilled low molecular weight heparin injection?

1. ALeave the air bubble in and inject into a skin fold
2. BRub the site firmly afterwards to help absorption
3. CExpel the air bubble first and inject into the deltoid muscle
4. DInject into a vein in the back of the hand

During a nerve block, a patient reports a metallic taste and ringing in the ears, then has a seizure. Besides calling for help and supporting the airway, which specific treatment is given?

1. AIV glucose 50%
2. BIV dantrolene
3. CIV naloxone
4. DIV lipid emulsion

An older patient with atrial fibrillation has sudden severe abdominal pain, but the abdomen is soft with little tenderness. Lactate is raised. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AMuscle strain from coughing
2. BIrritable bowel syndrome
3. CAcute mesenteric ischaemia
4. DSimple constipation