Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What is portal hypertension?

1. AHigh pressure inside the skull
2. BRaised pressure in the portal venous system to the liver
3. CHigh blood pressure in the arteries of the arms and legs
4. DRaised pressure in the lungs from heart failure

What is slough in a wound?

1. ARed, healthy granulation tissue
2. BPink, new skin at the wound edge
3. CYellow, soft, stringy dead tissue
4. DA thick, hard black crust

Apakah itu pemulihan dipertingkat selepas pembedahan (ERAS)?

1. ATeknik pembedahan yang mengelakkan keperluan untuk sebarang anestesia
2. BPeraturan bahawa pesakit mesti kekal di katil selama tiga hari
3. CKaedah memberikan semua ubat melalui vena
4. DLaluan penjagaan yang membantu pesakit pulih lebih cepat selepas pembedahan

Why are accurate fluid balance charts kept after major surgery?

1. ATo detect dehydration, fluid overload or kidney problems early
2. BTo decide which meal the patient will have next
3. CTo check how far the patient has walked and how often they get out of bed
4. DTo record when visitors come and go

Which technique is correct when giving a prefilled low molecular weight heparin injection?

1. ARub the site firmly afterwards to help absorption
2. BInject into a vein in the back of the hand
3. CExpel the air bubble first and inject into the deltoid muscle
4. DLeave the air bubble in and inject into a skin fold

Mengapakah lecuran superfisial (kemerahan sahaja, seperti terbakar matahari) tidak dikira apabila mengira luas lecuran untuk resusitasi cecair?

1. AIa sentiasa sembuh sepenuhnya dalam sehari
2. BSawar kulit utuh, jadi sedikit cecair hilang
3. CIa menyebabkan lebih banyak kehilangan cecair daripada kedalaman lain
4. DIa sentiasa terlalu kecil untuk diukur dengan tepat pada carta

After surgery, a patient keeps asking for analgesia before it is due, watches the clock and rates pain 8/10. What is the most appropriate interpretation?

1. APain may be undertreated; reassess and ask for a review of the plan
2. BThe patient needs only distraction and no change in drugs
3. CThe patient is exaggerating, so the pain scores should be ignored for now
4. DThe patient is addicted and should have analgesia withheld

A patient with a severe flare of ulcerative colitis develops abdominal distension, fever and tachycardia, and the stool frequency has dropped. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AHaemorrhoids caused by diarrhoea
2. BThe flare is getting better
3. CToxic megacolon
4. DSimple constipation from low intake