Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Apakah itu neutropenia?

1. AKiraan sel darah putih yang tinggi
2. BKiraan platelet yang rendah
3. CKiraan neutrofil yang rendah
4. DKiraan sel darah merah yang rendah

Why are pressure garments worn after burns heal?

1. ATo hide the scars from other people
2. BTo prevent infection of the healed skin
3. CTo reduce raised, thick scarring
4. DTo keep the patient warm in winter

Dua punca manakah yang menyebabkan kebanyakan kes pankreatitis akut?

1. AMerokok dan obesiti
2. BSerat tinggi dan dehidrasi
3. CBatu hempedu dan alkohol
4. DSelesema virus dan tekanan

Why is it important to prevent perioperative hypothermia?

1. AIt reduces the amount of anaesthetic needed, which is unsafe
2. BIt increases bleeding, wound infection and heart complications
3. CIt lowers the risk of pain after surgery
4. DIt makes patients wake up from the anaesthetic too quickly

Why might a patient's platelet count be monitored while they receive heparin?

1. ATo measure the heparin dose in the blood exactly
2. BTo check whether the heparin is causing anaemia
3. CTo detect heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
4. DTo see whether the patient has an infection

Which is a common side effect of opioids, especially when given by epidural or spinal route?

1. AHair growth
2. BRinging in the ears
3. CItching
4. DIncreased hunger

After forearm fracture surgery, a patient has severe pain not eased by opioids, made worse by passively moving the fingers. What should the nurse do?

1. AReassure the patient that this pain is expected
2. BApply ice and a tighter bandage to reduce the swelling
3. CRaise the arm as high as possible and give a further dose of opioid
4. DLoosen any tight dressing, keep the arm at heart level and escalate

On the ward after surgery, a patient has a red, blistered area of skin under where the diathermy plate was. What should the nurse do?

1. AWash it with alcohol and leave it uncovered
2. BTreat it as a possible burn, report it and complete an incident form
3. CApply a hot water bottle to improve the circulation
4. DIgnore it because skin changes after surgery are normal and expected to fade