Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Which symptom in an adult over 50 is a red flag for colorectal cancer?

1. AOne episode of loose stools after a takeaway meal
2. BOccasional wind and rumbling after eating a meal of beans
3. CMild bloating before a period
4. DA lasting change in bowel habit with rectal bleeding

Where are venous leg ulcers usually found?

1. AAround the inner ankle, in the gaiter area
2. BOn the tips of the toes and between the toes
3. COn the sole of the foot under the heel
4. DOn the front of the thigh

Which drug reverses the effects of opioids?

1. ANaloxone
2. BVitamin K
3. CFlumazenil
4. DProtamine

What is achalasia?

1. AWeakness of the lower oesophageal sphincter that allows reflux
2. BInflammation of the oesophagus caused by a fungal infection
3. CFailure of the lower oesophageal sphincter to relax on swallowing
4. DA tear at the junction of the oesophagus and the stomach

Which is correct when caring for a patient with a PICC line?

1. AFlush the line only when it blocks
2. BLeave the external length unchecked once it is placed
3. CUse the PICC arm for heavy lifting to keep it flexible
4. DAvoid taking blood pressure on the arm with the line

Fasa penyembuhan luka manakah yang melibatkan pembentukan tisu granulasi dan saluran darah baharu?

1. AFasa hemostasis (pembekuan)
2. BFasa pematangan
3. CFasa proliferatif
4. DFasa keradangan

Pada hari ke-3 selepas pembedahan pinggul, seorang pesakit warga emas menjadi keliru secara akut, dengan perhatian yang berubah-ubah dan kegelisahan. Apakah yang patut dilakukan oleh jururawat dahulu?

1. AMenganggap ia demensia dan meneruskan pelan penjagaan tanpa perubahan
2. BMencari punca seperti hipoksia, jangkitan, kesakitan atau ubat, dan membuat eskalasi
3. CMenyekat pesakit dan memberikan dos sedatif yang besar serta-merta
4. DMeminta keluarga membawa pesakit pulang supaya mereka dapat tenang

On day 5 after bowel resection, a patient has a fever, tachycardia and worsening abdominal pain, and the drain contains brown, faeculent fluid. What is most likely?

1. AA normal day 5 recovery
2. BPostoperative constipation
3. CA urinary tract infection
4. DAn anastomotic leak