Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Why are pressure areas padded when a patient is positioned for surgery?

1. ATo make the operating table look tidy
2. BTo warm the patient during the procedure
3. CTo prevent pressure injury and nerve damage
4. DTo keep the patient from moving during the operation

What is steatorrhoea?

1. ABright red blood mixed in with the stool on most days
2. BBlack stools caused by taking iron tablets each day
3. CVery hard, pellet-like stools
4. DPale, greasy, foul-smelling stools that may float

Kesan sampingan opioid manakah yang biasanya tidak berkurang dengan penggunaan berterusan?

1. AGatal
2. BSembelit
3. CLoya dan muntah
4. DSedasi

Which monitoring is especially important for a patient receiving parenteral nutrition?

1. ABlood glucose and signs of line infection
2. BPeak flow and visual acuity
3. CBowel sounds and stool colour only
4. DPupil size and limb strength

Why are urinary catheters removed as early as possible after surgery?

1. ATo reduce the risk of catheter-associated infection
2. BBecause patients cannot drink normally while a catheter is in place
3. CBecause catheters always cause kidney stones
4. DBecause the catheter stops the bowel working

Why should metoclopramide not be used for nausea in mechanical bowel obstruction?

1. AIt blocks the effect of all opioids
2. BIt always causes severe diarrhoea
3. CIt increases gut movement against the blockage
4. DIt makes the bowel stop moving completely

In recovery, an awake and anxious patient cannot lift their head, and their breaths are shallow and weak. What is the most likely cause?

1. ANormal tiredness after surgery
2. BOpioid overdose with pinpoint pupils
3. CA simple panic attack
4. DResidual neuromuscular blockade

A patient with small cell lung cancer is confused and drowsy. Sodium is 118 mmol/L and the urine is highly concentrated. Which complication is likely?

1. AHypercalcaemia of malignancy
2. BSIADH
3. CDiabetes insipidus
4. DTumour lysis syndrome