Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Which urine output is commonly used as the minimum acceptable value for an adult after surgery?

1. AAbout 0.5 mL/kg per hour
2. BAbout 50 mL/kg per hour
3. CAbout 5 mL/kg per hour
4. DAbout 0.05 mL/kg per hour

Which electrolyte typically falls in refeeding syndrome?

1. ACalcium
2. BChloride
3. CPhosphate
4. DSodium

Mengapakah jaundis berkembang dalam penyakit hati?

1. APigmen kuning daripada makanan disimpan dalam kulit
2. BBilirubin terkumpul kerana hati tidak dapat membersihkannya
3. CBuah pinggang menghasilkan terlalu banyak urea untuk badan
4. DHati menghasilkan terlalu banyak sel darah merah sekali gus

Which nursing intervention best reduces preoperative anxiety?

1. AExplaining what will happen and answering questions
2. BAvoiding talking about the operation at all
3. CTelling the patient that there is nothing to worry about
4. DKeeping family members away until after surgery

A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?

1. AStart a regular laxative at the same time
2. BWait until there has been no stool for a week
3. CTake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water
4. DStop eating fibre completely

Which instruction is important during bowel preparation for colonoscopy?

1. AAvoid all fluids for 24 hours before the test
2. BEat a high-fibre meal the evening before the test
3. CTake the preparation only if the bowels have not opened
4. DDrink plenty of clear fluids while taking the preparation

A patient with a sacral pressure ulcer keeps sliding down the bed when the head is raised high. Which advice best reduces shear?

1. ASit the patient upright without any support for the feet
2. BKeep the head of the bed at or below 30° if possible; use slide sheets
3. CRaise the head of the bed to 90° and pull the patient up the bed by the arms
4. DUse a dry sheet and drag the patient up the bed

A nurse teaches a carer about overnight tube feeding at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll flush the tube with water before and after his medicines."
2. B"I'll check the external length mark on the tube every day."
3. C"I'll let him lie flat so he sleeps better while the feed runs."
4. D"I'll stop the feed and call if he coughs or struggles to breathe."