Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What is referred pain?

1. APain that only lasts for a few seconds
2. BPain that is passed on from one doctor to another
3. CPain felt at a site away from the organ causing it
4. DPain that a patient makes up

Which signs suggest early hypovolaemic shock after surgery?

1. AHigh blood pressure with a fast, bounding pulse
2. BNormal pulse with heavy sweating only after meals
3. CSlow heart rate, flushed skin and warm hands
4. DRising heart rate, cool skin and slow capillary refill

Which feature is typical of ulcerative colitis?

1. AInflammation of the full thickness of the small bowel
2. BInflammation limited to the oesophagus
3. CContinuous inflammation starting at the rectum
4. DPatchy inflammation anywhere from mouth to anus

Why are accurate fluid balance charts kept after major surgery?

1. ATo record when visitors come and go
2. BTo decide which meal the patient will have next
3. CTo detect dehydration, fluid overload or kidney problems early
4. DTo check how far the patient has walked and how often they get out of bed

Corak elektrolit manakah yang tipikal bagi sindrom lisis tumor?

1. AKalium dan fosfat rendah dengan kalsium tinggi
2. BKalium, fosfat dan asid urik tinggi; kalsium rendah
3. CNatrium tinggi dan kalsium tinggi dengan aras asid urik rendah
4. DKalium rendah, fosfat rendah dan asid urik rendah

A patient with a new colostomy asks what to eat at home. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AAvoid all fruit and vegetables for the rest of their life
2. BEat a normal, balanced diet and introduce foods gradually
3. CEat only liquids until the stoma is removed
4. DDrink as little fluid as possible to reduce output

A patient with gastric outlet obstruction has vomited repeatedly for several days. Which blood picture is most likely?

1. ANormal electrolytes with respiratory alkalosis
2. BHigh chloride, high potassium and metabolic acidosis
3. CLow chloride, low potassium and metabolic alkalosis
4. DHigh calcium, high sodium and respiratory acidosis

A patient with diabetes has rapidly spreading redness around a small wound, severe pain out of proportion, fever and crackling under the skin. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA healing venous ulcer
2. BMild contact dermatitis
3. CA simple insect bite
4. DNecrotising fasciitis