Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What is the basic idea of the WHO analgesic ladder?

1. AGive analgesia only when the patient asks for it
2. BAlways start with the strongest opioid available and then reduce it slowly
3. CUse only one drug at a time, never in combination
4. DStep up from non-opioids to weak, then strong, opioids as needed

If hair must be removed before surgery, which method is recommended?

1. APulling the hairs out with tweezers
2. BElectric clippers on the day of surgery
3. CA wax strip several days before surgery
4. DA razor shave the night before surgery

Which is a main benefit of early mobilisation after surgery?

1. AFaster absorption of the anaesthetic gas
2. BLess need to check the wound at all
3. CLower risk of chest infection and blood clots
4. DIt prevents all postoperative pain

Why might a patient's platelet count be monitored while they receive heparin?

1. ATo detect heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
2. BTo measure the heparin dose in the blood exactly
3. CTo check whether the heparin is causing anaemia
4. DTo see whether the patient has an infection

Which advice helps prevent dumping syndrome after gastrectomy?

1. AA high-sugar diet with fruit juice to keep energy levels up
2. BThree large meals a day with plenty of sweet drinks with each meal
3. CSmall, frequent meals low in simple sugars, with fluids between meals
4. DSit upright and walk briskly straight after every meal

During the first infusion of a monoclonal antibody such as rituximab, which problem is most important to watch for?

1. AAn infusion reaction, such as fever, rigors or breathlessness
2. BSevere constipation within the first hour of starting the infusion
3. CA rise in platelet count above normal
4. DSudden hair loss during the infusion

Seorang jururawat menumpahkan sedikit ubat sitotoksik di atas lantai. Apakah pendekatan yang betul?

1. AMembiarkannya tersejat dan menjauhkan orang selama beberapa minit
2. BMengepnya dengan mop wad dan membilas mop dalam sluice
3. CMengelapnya dengan tuala kertas dan memasukkannya ke dalam tong sampah am
4. DMenggunakan kit tumpahan dengan PPE, membersihkan, membungkus sebagai sisa sitotoksik dan melaporkan

Seorang pesakit yang diselamatkan daripada kebakaran rumah mempunyai SpO₂ 99% pada udara bilik tetapi sakit kepala, kekeliruan dan bibir merah ceri. Apakah yang patut dilakukan oleh jururawat?

1. AMemberikan oksigen pada 2 L/min melalui kanula hidung dan menyemak semula dalam sejam
2. BMengeluarkan oksigen, kerana ketepuan oksigen sepenuhnya normal
3. CMerawat sakit kepala dengan parasetamol dan memerhatikan pesakit semalaman
4. DMemberikan oksigen 100% melalui pelitup bukan-sedut-semula dan meminta aras karboksihemoglobin