Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What is the main purpose of a surgical wound drain?

1. ATo remove fluid or blood that collects at the operation site
2. BTo measure the patient's temperature
3. CTo feed the patient after surgery
4. DTo give IV fluids and antibiotics straight into the wound bed

Why is a temporary loop ileostomy often formed after a low bowel resection?

1. ATo drain urine from the kidneys
2. BTo remove the whole colon permanently in a single operation
3. CTo let the patient eat without chewing
4. DTo divert stool while the join further down heals

Which feature is typical of Crohn's disease?

1. AIt affects only the rectum and colon, in one continuous stretch
2. BIt affects only the stomach lining and causes ulcers there
3. CIt affects only the liver and bile ducts
4. DIt can affect any part of the gut, with normal bowel in between

Which nursing care helps a new skin graft take?

1. AKeeping the area still and avoiding shearing forces
2. BMassaging the graft firmly several times a day
3. CRemoving the dressing every hour to look at it
4. DEncouraging the patient to exercise the area straight away

Apakah itu ileus paralitik?

1. AJangkitan pada dinding usus dengan demam
2. BKehilangan pergerakan usus tanpa sekatan fizikal
3. CPuntiran pada usus besar yang menghalang bekalan darahnya
4. DSekatan lumen usus oleh tumor

Which task for a stable patient with an established ileostomy can usually be delegated to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. AAssessing the stoma for signs of necrosis
2. BDeciding whether IV fluids are needed
3. CEmptying the pouch and measuring the output
4. DTeaching the patient about high-output risks

Seorang pesakit kanser paru-paru mengalami bengkak muka, vena leher mengembung dan sesak nafas yang bertambah teruk apabila berbaring. Kecemasan manakah yang berkemungkinan?

1. AHiperkalsemia akibat keganasan
2. BEmbolisme pulmonari masif
3. CSekatan vena kava superior
4. DMampatan saraf tunjang

Just after extubation in recovery, a patient develops a high-pitched noise on breathing in, with falling SpO₂. What should the nurse do first?

1. AWait a few minutes to see if it passes
2. BCall for help, give 100% oxygen and use a jaw thrust
3. CSit the patient up and give a drink of water
4. DGive an opioid to calm the patient's breathing and reduce anxiety