Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Which signs suggest early hypovolaemic shock after surgery?

1. ASlow heart rate, flushed skin and warm hands
2. BRising heart rate, cool skin and slow capillary refill
3. CNormal pulse with heavy sweating only after meals
4. DHigh blood pressure with a fast, bounding pulse

Why is a feeding tube flushed with water before and after giving medicines?

1. ATo check that the patient is not thirsty
2. BTo warm the tube so it is more comfortable
3. CTo keep it clear and stop drugs mixing with feed
4. DTo clean the stomach before the next meal

What is the first aid for a dry chemical powder on the skin?

1. ABrush off the powder, then irrigate with plenty of water
2. BRub it in with a wet cloth to spread it thinly over the skin
3. CCover it with a tight dressing and wait
4. DAdd vinegar to neutralise it at once

Which finding suggests a deep tissue pressure injury?

1. AIntact skin that is purple or maroon over a bony area
2. BPale pink skin that blanches quickly when pressed
3. CA small scratch on the skin with a little fresh red blood
4. DDry, flaky skin on both shins

Pernyataan manakah tentang analgesia multimodal yang betul?

1. AHanya satu analgesik patut diberikan pada satu masa
2. BIa kaedah yang digunakan hanya untuk kesakitan kronik jangka panjang
3. CUbat dengan tindakan berbeza digabungkan untuk mengurangkan keperluan opioid
4. DBeberapa opioid berbeza digabungkan untuk kesan keseluruhan yang lebih kuat

Seorang pesakit pendarahan GI atas akut mempunyai hemoglobin normal semasa tiba. Mengapakah ini boleh mengelirukan?

1. AIa jatuh hanya selepas anjakan cecair atau cecair IV mencairkan darah
2. BHemoglobin sentiasa meningkat pada mulanya selepas sebarang kehilangan darah
3. CHemoglobin tidak terjejas oleh pendarahan daripada usus
4. DHemoglobin hanya jatuh selepas seminggu pendarahan berterusan

A patient with a toe ulcer says the leg pain is worse at night and eases when they hang the leg over the side of the bed. What does this suggest?

1. AVenous insufficiency
2. BNeuropathic itching
3. CArterial insufficiency
4. DLymphoedema

A worker has a hydrofluoric acid burn on the hand and severe pain. After irrigation with water, which specific treatment is commonly applied?

1. ACalcium gluconate gel
2. BSilver sulfadiazine cream
3. CIce cubes wrapped in a cloth
4. DSodium bicarbonate paste